Jurisprudence of Transactions
182 hadiths
Jibrīl kept enjoining me regarding the good treatment of the neighbor to the extent that I thought he would inherit him
Ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Jibrīl kept enjoining me regarding the good treatment of the neighbor to the extent that I thought he would inherit him."
forbade vowing and said: "Indeed, it does not bring any good; rather it is only a means to extract something from the miser
Ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) forbade vowing and said: "Indeed, it does not bring any good; rather it is only a means to extract something from the miser."
By Allah, Allah Willing, if I ever take an oath and then see that another option is better than the first, I will make expiation for my oath and do what is better
Abu Mūsa al-Ash‘ari (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: I went to the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) along with a group of Ash‘ari people, asking him for mounts. He said: "By Allah, I will not give you anything to ride, and I have nothing to mount you on." We stayed there as long as Allah wished. Then some camels were brought to him, and he ordered that we be given three camels. When we set out, some of us said to others: "Allah will not bless us, as we all went to the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) asking him for mounts, and although he had sworn that he would not give us mounts, he did give us." Abu Mūsa said: We went to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) and mentioned that to him. He said: "I have not provided you with mounts, but Allah has. By Allah, Allah Willing, if I ever take an oath and then see that another option is better than the first, I will make expiation for my oath and do what is better."
If anyone swears by a religion other than Islam falsely and intentionally, he is as he has said
Thābit ibn Ad-Dahhāk (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: I gave an oath of allegiance to the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) under the tree. Then, the Messenger (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "If anyone swears by a religion other than Islam falsely and intentionally, he is as he has said. If anyone kills himself with something, he will be punished with it on the Day of Judgment. A man cannot make a vow on something that he does not possess." Another narration reads: "Cursing a believer is like killing him." A third narration stipulates: "If anyone makes a false claim to an increase of something, Allah, the Exalted and Glorified, will only give him a decrease."
Whoever is pleased to be saved by Allah from the agonies of the Day of Judgment, let him give the insolvent respite or grant him remission
Abu Qatādah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that he went looking for his debtor, who hid from him. Then, on finding him, he said: I am insolvent. He said: By Allah? He said: By Allah! He said: Verily, I heard the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) say: "Whoever is pleased to be saved by Allah from the agonies of the Day of Judgment, let him give the insolvent respite or grant him remission."
O Messenger of Allah, I have two neighbors, so which one of them should I give a gift to? He said: The one whose door is the nearest to you
‘Ā'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported that she said: "O Messenger of Allah, I have two neighbors, so which one of them should I give a gift to?" He said: "The one whose door is the nearest to you."
There is no emigration after the Conquest, but there is Jihad and good intention, and whenever you are called for Jihad, you should immediately respond to the call
‘Abdullāh ibn ‘Abbās (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: On the day of the Conquest of Makkah, the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "There is no emigration after the Conquest (of Makkah), but there is Jihad and good intention, and whenever you are called for Jihad, you should immediately respond to the call." On the same day, he added: "Verily, Allah has made this city sacred since the day He created the heavens and the earth. Thus, it is a sanctuary by Allah’s decree until the Day of Judgment. Fighting in it was not permissible for anyone before me, and it was made permissible for me for only an hour of a day. It is sacred by the sacredness granted by Allah until the Day of Judgment. Its thorns should not be cut off, and its game should not be chased, and any lost item found therein should not be picked up except by one who would announce it publicly, and its green grass should not be cut off." Al-‘Abbās said: "O Messenger of Allah, except for lemongrass, for it is used by their blacksmiths and for their domestic purposes.' So, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) responded: "Except for lemongrass."
Whoever unjustly usurps even one handspan of land, his neck will be encircled with it down the seven earths
‘Ā’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Whoever unjustly usurps even one handspan of land, his neck will be encircled with it down the seven earths.”
The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) forbade Munābadhah, which is when a man throws a garment to another thus selling it to him before the buyer unfolds it or examines it. He also forbade Mulāmasah, which is when a man touches a garment [thus buying it] without examining it
Abu Sa‘īd al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) reported; The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) forbade Munābadhah, which is when a man throws a garment to another thus selling it to him before the buyer unfolds it or examines it. He also forbade Mulāmasah, which is when a man touches a garment, thus buying it without examining it.
The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) forbade the sale of fruits until they are ripe. They said: What is meant by ripe? He said: When they become red. He added: What if Allah prevents the fruits, how could one of you consider his brother's money lawful for himself?
Anas ibn Mālik (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) forbade the sale of fruits until they are ripe. They said: "What is meant by ripe?" He said: "When they become red." He added: "What if Allah prevents the fruits, how could one of you consider his brother's money lawful for himself?"
The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) prohibited the selling of a fruit until it is evidently ripe. He forbade both the buyer and the seller
‘Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) prohibited the selling of a fruit until it is evidently ripe. He forbade both the buyer and the seller (from engaging in such a transaction).
Silver for gold is Riba (usury) unless exchanged on the spot; wheat for wheat is Riba unless exchanged on the spot; barley for barley is Riba unless exchanged on the spot; and dates for dates is Riba unless exchanged on the spot
Mālik ibn Aws ibn al-Hadathān reported: I came saying: Who will exchange the dirhams? Talhah ibn ‘Ubaydullāh, who was in the company of ‘Umar ibn al-Khattāb (may Allah be pleased with both of them), said: Show us your gold, then come to us when our servant comes to give you your silver. Thereupon, ‘Umar ibn al-Khattāb said: No, by Allah, you must either give him his silver or give him back his gold, as the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Silver for gold is Riba (usury) unless exchanged on the spot; wheat for wheat is Riba unless exchanged on the spot; barley for barley is Riba unless exchanged on the spot; and dates for dates is Riba unless exchanged on the spot."
The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) forbade the town-dweller to sell (merchandise) on behalf of a Bedouin
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) forbade the town-dweller to sell (merchandise) on behalf of a Bedouin. And not to practice Najsh (offering a high price for a thing which you do not really want to buy in order to raise its price value and deceive other buyers). No Muslim should offer more for a thing already bought by his Muslim brother, nor should he propose to a women already engaged to another Muslim. A Muslim woman should not ask that her sister (i.e. another Muslim woman) be divorced in order to invert her plate (i.e. an idiom meaning to deprive her of what she has in order to take her place).
The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) prohibited the sale of exchange of gold with silver on credit
Abu al-Minhāl said: “I asked Al-Barā’ ibn ‘Āzib and Zayd ibn Arqam about ‘Sarf’ (exchanging monies). Each of them said about the other: 'He is better than me’, and both of them said: ‘The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) prohibited the sale of exchange of gold with silver on credit.'"
The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) forbade the sale of silver for silver and gold for gold except for equal quantities, and commanded us to buy silver with gold as we desire, and to buy gold with silver as we desire
Abu Bakrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) forbade the sale of silver for silver and gold for gold except for equal quantities, and commanded us to buy silver with gold as we desire, and to buy gold with silver as we desire. A man, then, asked him: "Is it (payment) to be made on the spot?" He replied: "That is what I heard (from the Messenger of Allah)."
No owner of gold or silver who does not pay what is due on it except that on the Day of Judgment they will be made for him sheets of fire
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "No owner of gold or silver who does not pay what is due on it except that on the Day of Judgment they will be made for him sheets of fire and will be heated in the fire of Hell. His side, forehead, and back will be seared therewith. Whenever they cool down, they will be heated for him again on a day, the length of which is fifty thousand years, until judgment is pronounced among the slaves and he sees his path, either to Paradise or Hellfire." It was said: O Messenger of Allah, what about camels? He said: "And no owner of camels who does not pay what is due on them, and this includes milking them on their watering day, except that on the Day of Judgment he will be thrown down in a vast, smooth plain, and they will come, more numerous than they have ever been without even a single young one missing thereof. They will trample him with their hooves and bite him with their mouths. Whenever the first of them passes over him, the last of them will be made to return and pass over him on a day, the length of which is fifty thousand years, until judgment is pronounced among the slaves and he sees his path, either to Paradise or Hellfire." It was said: O Messenger of Allah, what about cows and sheep? He said: "And no owner of cows and sheep who does not pay what is due on them except that on the Day of Judgment he will be thrown down in a vast, smooth plain and they will come without any of them missing. There will be none among them with twisted horns, without horns, or with a broken horn. They will gore him with their horns and trample him with their hooves. Whenever the first of them passes over him, the last of them will be made to return and pass over him on a day, the length of which is fifty thousand years, until judgment is pronounced among the slaves and he sees his path, either to Paradise or Hellfire." It was said: O Messenger of Allah, what about horses? He said: "Horses are three: they are a burden for a man, a shield for another man, and a reward for a third man. As for the one for whom they are a burden, he is a man who kept them by way of showing off, boasting, and expressing hostility towards Muslims; so they are a burden for him. As for the one for whom they are a shield, he is a man who kept them for the sake of Allah and did not forget the right of Allah concerning their backs and their necks, and so they are a shield for him. As for the one for whom they are a reward, he is a man who kept them in a meadow or pasture for the sake of Allah to be used for the interest of Muslims. Whatever they eat from that meadow and pasture will be recorded for him as good deeds, and even their dung and urine will be recorded for him as good deeds. They will not break their halter and prance a course or two without their hoof marks and their dung written for him as good deeds. And their owner does not take them past a river from which they drink, though he did not intend thereby to quench their thirst, except that Allah will record for him the amount they drink as good deeds."
Whoever swears saying: "I have nothing to do with Islam," if he is lying, then he will be as he said: and if he is telling the truth, his Islam will be defective
Buraydah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Whoever swears saying: 'I have nothing to do with Islam,' if he is lying, then he will be as he said: and if he is telling the truth, then his Islam will be defective."
Competitions with prizes are allowed only in camel racing, horse racing, and shooting arrows
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Competitions with prizes are allowed only in camel racing, horse racing, and shooting arrows."
When a person dies, his deeds come to an end except for three things: ongoing charity, beneficial knowledge, or a pious child who supplicates for him
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "When a person dies, his deeds come to an end except for three things: ongoing charity, beneficial knowledge, or a pious child who supplicates for him."
O Messenger of Allah, ’Umm Sa‘d died. Which charity is the best?" He said: 'Water.' He said: So, he dug a well and said: "This is for ’Umm Sa‘d
Sa‘d ibn ‘Ubādah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that he said: "O Messenger of Allah, ’Umm Sa‘d died. Which charity is the best?" He said: 'Water.' He said: So, he dug a well and said: "This is for ’Umm Sa‘d."
نعم، صلي أمك
قَدِمَتْ عَلَيَّ أُمِّي وَهِيَ مُشْرِكَةٌ فِي عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَاسْتَفْتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، قُلْتُ: وَهِيَ رَاغِبَةٌ، أَفَأَصِلُ أُمِّي؟ قَالَ: @«نَعَمْ، صِلِي أُمَّكِ».
البيِّعان بالخيار ما لم يتفرقا، فإن صَدَقَا وبَيَّنَا بورك لهما في بيعهما، وإن كتما وكذبا مُحِقَتْ بركةُ بيعهما
عَن حَكِيمِ بْنِ حِزَامٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «البَيِّعَانِ بِالخِيَارِ مَا لَمْ يَتَفَرَّقَا، -أَوْ قَالَ: حَتَّى يَتَفَرَّقَا-، فَإِنْ صَدَقَا وَبَيَّنَا بُورِكَ لَهُمَا فِي بَيْعِهِمَا، وَإِنْ كَتَمَا وَكَذَبَا مُحِقَتْ بَرَكَةُ بَيْعِهِمَا».
من غش فليس مني.
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَرَّ عَلَى صُبْرَةِ طَعَامٍ فَأَدْخَلَ يَدَهُ فِيهَا، فَنَالَتْ أَصَابِعُهُ بَلَلًا فَقَالَ: «مَا هَذَا يَا صَاحِبَ الطَّعَامِ؟» قَالَ أَصَابَتْهُ السَّمَاءُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، قَالَ: «أَفَلَا جَعَلْتَهُ فَوْقَ الطَّعَامِ كَيْ يَرَاهُ النَّاسُ؟ @مَنْ غَشَّ فَلَيْسَ مِنِّي».
مَن ابتاع طعامًا فلا يَبِعْهُ حتى يستوفيه
عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «مَنِ ابْتَاعَ طَعَامًا فَلَا يَبِعْهُ حَتَّى يَسْتَوْفِيَهُ»، قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: وَأَحْسِبُ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ مِثْلَهُ.
نهى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم عن بيع الحصاة وعن بيع الغَرَر
عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: نَهَى رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ بَيْعِ الْحَصَاةِ، وَعَنْ بَيْعِ الْغَرَرِ.
الرهن يُركَب بنفقته إذا كان مرهونًا، ولبن الدَّرِّ يُشرب بنفقته إذا كان مرهونًا
عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «الرَّهْنُ يُرْكَبُ بِنَفَقَتِهِ إِذَا كَانَ مَرْهُونًا، وَلَبَنُ الدَّرِّ يُشْرَبُ بِنَفَقَتِهِ إِذَا كَانَ مَرْهُونًا، وَعَلَى الَّذِي يَرْكَبُ وَيَشْرَبُ النَّفَقَةُ».
إذا تبايعتم بالعينة، وأخذتم أذناب البقر، ورضيتم بالزرع، وتركتم الجهاد، سلط الله عليكم ذلا
عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: «إِذَا تَبَايَعْتُمْ بِالْعِينَةِ، وَأَخَذْتُمْ أَذْنَابَ الْبَقَرِ، وَرَضِيتُمْ بِالزَّرْعِ، وَتَرَكْتُمُ الْجِهَادَ، سَلَّطَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْكُمْ ذُلًّا لَا يَنْزِعُهُ حَتَّى تَرْجِعُوا إِلَى دِينِكُمْ».
Give gifts to one another; you will love one another
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (ﷺ) said: "Give gifts to one another; you will love one another."
Sa‘d ibn ‘Ubādah sought a ruling from the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) concerning a vow that was due upon his mother, who had died before she fulfilled it. The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Fulfill it on her behalf."
‘Abdullāh ibn ‘Abbās (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: Sa‘d ibn ‘Ubādah sought a ruling from the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) concerning a vow that was due upon his mother, who had died before she fulfilled it. The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Fulfill it on her behalf."
Whoever takes a false oath to deprive a Muslim person of his property unlawfully, will meet Allah while He is angry with him
‘Abdullah ibn Mas‘ūd (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever takes a false oath to deprive a Muslim person of his property unlawfully, will meet Allah while He is angry with him." He said: Al-Ash‘ath said: By Allah, this was about me. I shared some land with a Jewish man. When he denied me my right, I complained against him to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him). The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said to me: "Do you have any proof?" I said: No. So he said to the Jew: "Swear an oath." I said: O Messenger of Allah, he will swear an oath and seize my property. So, Allah Almighty revealed: {Those who trade the covenant of Allah and their oaths for a small price...} to the end of the verse.
If anyone undertakes to take a false oath to appropriate the wealth of a Muslim, he will meet Allah while He is angry with him.
‘Abdullāh ibn Mas‘ūd (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "If anyone undertakes to take a false oath to appropriate the wealth of a Muslim, he will meet Allah while He is angry with him.'' It was revealed: {Indeed, those who exchange the covenant of Allah and their [own] oaths for a small price.} [Āl-‘Imrān: 77]
My sister vowed to walk to the Sacred Mosque barefoot. Then, she asked me to ask the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) about it. I asked him, and he replied: "Let her walk and ride."
My sister took a vow to walk to the Sacred Mosque barefoot. Then, she asked me to ask the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) about it. I asked him, and he replied: "Let her walk and ride."
O ‘Abdur-Rahmān ibn Samurah, do not ask for a position of authority, for if you were granted such authority upon your request, you would be left (to manage it) unaided.
‘Abdur-Rahmān ibn Samurah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said to him: "O ‘Abdur-Rahmān ibn Samurah, do not ask for a position of authority, for if you were granted such authority upon your request, you would be left (to manage it) unaided. However, if you were granted such authority without requesting it, you would be provided with aid (to manage it). If you ever make an oath but then found a better alternative, expiate your oath and go for the better alternative."
Whoever takes an oath to do something and then he finds a better alternative which brings him closer to Allah should do what is better in piety
Abu Tarīf ‘Adiyy ibn Hātim (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever takes an oath to do something and then he finds a better alternative which brings him closer to Allah should do what is better in piety."
You would have received a greater reward had you given her to your maternal uncles
The Mother of the Believers Maymūnah bint al-Hārith (may Allah be pleased with her) reported that she had set free a slave-girl of hers without first seeking the permission of the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him). On the day when it was her turn to have the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) stay with her overnight, she said to him: "O Messenger of Allah, do you know that I set free my slave-girl?" He said: "Did you?" She replied: ‘Yes.’ He then said: "you would have received a greater reward had you given her to your maternal uncles."
Give it to him, for the best among you are those who settle their debts in the best manner
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: A man came to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) demanding repayment of a loan in such a rude manner that vexed the Companions and they were about to harm him, but the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Leave him, for he who has a right is entitled to demand it. Give him a camel of the same age as his." They said: "O Messenger of Allah, we found none but older than his." He said: "Give it to him, for the best among you are those who settle their debts in the best manner."
A man from among those who were before you was called to account (by Allah on the Day of Judgment). No good deeds were found in his record except that he, being a rich man, used to enter into transactions with people and used to command his servants to show leniency towards those who were insolvent. Allah, the Exalted, said: We are more entitled to this (leniency) than him. Pardon him.
Abu Mas‘ūd al-Badri (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "A man from among those who were before you was called to account (by Allah on the Day of Judgment). No good deeds were found in his record except that he, being a rich man, used to enter into transactions with people and used to command his servants to show leniency towards those who were insolvent. Allah, the Exalted, said: 'We are more entitled to this (leniency) than him. Pardon him.'"
It is better for one of you to take his rope, go out and gather a bundle of firewood on his back, sell it, and thereby Allah preserves his dignity, than to ask people—whether they give him or withhold from him
Az-Zubayr ibn al-‘Awwām (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "It is better for one of you to take his rope, go out and gather a bundle of firewood on his back, sell it, and thereby Allah preserves his dignity, than to ask people—whether they give him or withhold from him."
If somebody keeps a horse in Allah's cause motivated by his faith in Allah and his belief in His promise, then he will be rewarded on the Day of Resurrection for what the horse has eaten or drunk and for its dung and urine
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "If somebody keeps a horse in Allah's cause motivated by his faith in Allah and his belief in His promise, then he will be rewarded on the Day of Resurrection for what the horse has eaten or drunk and for its dung and urine."
The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) bought a camel from him, and he weighed out (the price) and paid him more than his due
Jābir (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) bought a camel from him, and he weighed out (the price) and paid him more than his due.
O Abu Dharr, if you cook broth, increase its water and take care of your neighbors
Abu Dharr (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O Abu Dharr, if you cook broth, increase its water and take care of your neighbors."
The Ash‘aris, if they ran short of provisions while on a military expedition, or if their children did not have enough food in Madīnah
Abu Mūsa al-Ash‘ari (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The Ash‘aris, if they ran short of provisions while on a military expedition, or if their children were short of food in Madīnah, they would gather everything they had in one piece of cloth then they would divide them evenly among themselves. Thus they are from me and I am from them."
I gave the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) a zebra as a gift
As-Sa‘b ibn Jaththāmah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: I gave the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) a zebra as a gift, but he returned it to me. When he saw my face (being sad) he said: "We only refused it because we are in a state of Ihrām."
By Allah, no one of you takes anything unlawfully except that he will meet Allah carrying it on the Day of Judgment
Abu Humayd as-Sā‘idi (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) appointed a man named Ibn al-Lutbiyyah, to collect the charity of Banu Sulaym. When the man returned, he held him accountable. he said: This is your wealth, and this is a gift. The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Why do you not sit in the house of your father and mother and wait to see if that gift comes to you, if you are truthful?" Then he addressed us, praised Allah, and said: "To proceed, I appoint one of you to a task that Allah has entrusted to me, and he comes back and says: This is your wealth and this was gifted to me. Why does he not sit in the house of his father and mother and wait to see if that gift comes to him? By Allah, no one of you takes anything unlawfully except that he will meet Allah carrying it on the Day of Judgment. I will certainly recognize one of you who meets Allah carrying a camel that is groaning, or a cow that is mooing, or a sheep that is bleating.” Then he raised his hand until the whiteness of his armpit could be seen and said: “O Allah, have I conveyed (the message)?”My eyes have seen, and my ears have heard.
It is not proper for a Muslim who has something to bequeath to stay for three nights without having his will written with him
Ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him and his father) reported that he heard the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) say: "It is not proper for a Muslim who has something to bequeath to stay for three nights without having his will written with him." ‘Abdullah ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him and his father) said: "Since I heard the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) say this, not a single night has passed without my will being with me."
Order him to speak, seek the shade, sit down, and complete his fast
Ibn ‘Abbās (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: While the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) was delivering a sermon, he saw a man who was standing. He asked about him and was told: "This is Abu Isrā’īl. He made a vow to stand in the sun and not sit down, to avoid the shade, to keep silent, and to fast." The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Order him to speak, seek the shade, sit down, and complete his fast."
من ابتاع طعاما فلا يبعه حتى يستوفيه
عن عبد الله بن عمر رضي الله عنهما عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم أنه قال: «من ابْتَاعَ طعاما فلا يَبِعْهُ حتى يَسْتَوْفِيَهُ»، وفي لفظ: «حتى يَقْبِضَهُ».
Whoever finds his property intact with a bankrupt person, he has more right to take it than anyone else
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever finds his property intact with a bankrupt person, he has more right to take it than anyone else."
If someone sells pollinated date palms, their fruits will be for the seller, unless the buyer stipulates the contrary
‘Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "If someone sells pollinated date palms, their fruits will be for the seller, unless the buyer stipulates the contrary." In another narration: "And if someone buys a slave, his property is for the seller, unless the buyer stipulates the contrary."
The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) forbade riders being met on their way, and a townsman selling for a man from the desert
‘Abdullāh ibn ‘Abbās(may Allah be pleased with him) reported: 'The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) forbade riders (carrying merchandise) being met on their way, and a townsman selling for a man from the desert.'' The narrator asked Ibn ‘Abbās: ''What does it mean that a townsman should not sell for a man from the desert?" He said: ''That he should not work as a broker on his behalf.''
the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) forbade the Muzābanah sale: that is to sell fruits in one's garden, if it is palm trees, for dates by dry measure; and if it is a vineyard, to sell for raisins by dry measure; and if it is any crop to sell for a dry measure of its food. He forbade all such transactions
‘Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) forbade the Muzābanah sale: that is to sell fruits in one's garden, if it is palm trees, for dates by dry measure; and if it is a vineyard, to sell for raisins by dry measure; and if it is any crop to sell for a dry measure of its food. He forbade all such transactions.
The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) forbade the transaction called Habal al-Habalah
‘Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) forbade the transaction called Habal al-Habalah which was practiced in pre-Islamic times. A man would buy the meat of the slaughtered camel up to Habal al-Habalah, which implies that a she-camel should give birth and then its offspring would grow young and become pregnant and give birth. It was said that a man would sell his old she-camel for the unborn offspring of the fetus inside the womb of the buyer's camel (i.e. he buys the offspring of the offspring of the pregnant camel).
The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) bought food from a Jew and pledged him his iron armor
‘Ā'ishah bint Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) bought food from a Jew and pledged him his iron armor.
The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) forbade the sales called Mukhābarah, Muhāqalah, Muzābanah and the selling of fruits until they are fit for eating. He also forbade the selling of fruits but for money, except in the case of ‘Araya
Jābir ibn ‘Abdullāh (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) forbade the sales called Mukhābarah, Muhāqalah, Muzābanah and the selling of fruits until they are fit for eating. He also forbade the selling of fruits but for money, except in the case of ‘Araya.
O Messenger of Allah, I have acquired a piece of land in Khaybar, and I have never acquired a property more precious to me than that. What do you command me to do with it? He said: If you wish you can keep its origin as an endowment, and give its yield in charity
‘Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: ‘Umar acquired a piece of land in Khaybar, so he came to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) to know what he should do with it. He said: "O Messenger of Allah, I have acquired a piece of land in Khaybar, and I have never acquired a property more precious to me than that. What do you command me to do with it?" He said: "If you wish you can keep its origin as an endowment, and give its yield in charity." So, ‘Umar gave the land in charity (i.e. as an endowment on the condition that the land would neither be sold nor given as a gift, nor bequeathed). He gave its yield as charity to the poor, the relatives, for emancipation of slaves, in Allah's cause, and for the travelers. It was permissible for its administrator to eat from it in a reasonable just manner and feed his friends without seeking to be wealthy by its means. In another wording: "...without storing the property with the purpose of becoming rich.”
Beware! Beware! This is definitely usury! This is definitely usury! Do not do so, but if you want to buy (a superior kind of dates) sell the inferior dates for money, and then buy the superior kind of dates with that money
Abu Sa‘īd al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: Once Bilāl brought some Barni dates to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) who asked him, "Where did you get these dates?" Bilāl replied: "I had some inferior type of dates, and I exchanged two Sā‘s of it for one Sā‘ of Barni dates in order to give it to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) to eat." Thereupon, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Beware! Beware! This is definitely usury! This is definitely usury! Do not do so, but if you want to buy (a superior kind of dates) sell the inferior dates for money and then buy the superior kind of dates with that money."
the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) prohibited the price of a dog, the earnings of a prostitute, and the money paid to a soothsayer
Abu Mas‘ūd (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) prohibited the price of a dog, the earning of a prostitute, and the money paid to a soothsayer.
Do you think I bargained with you to take your camel? Take your camel and your dirhams; these are yours
Jābir ibn ‘Abdullāh (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: I was traveling on a camel and it got exhausted, and I decided to release it. However, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) caught up with me, supplicated for me, and struck it. Thereupon, it started to walk like never before. Then, he said: "Sell it to me for an ounce." I said: ‘No.’ He again said: "Sell it to me." So, I sold it to him for an ounce, but made the stipulation that I should be allowed to ride it back to my family. Then, when I reached home, I took the camel to him and he paid me its price on the spot. As I went back, he sent someone after me and said: "Do you think I bargained with you to take your camel? Take your camel and your dirhams; these are yours."
Do not buy it back and do not take back your charity, even if he gives it to you for one dirham, for the one who takes back his gift is like the one who takes back his vomit
‘Umar ibn al-Khattāb (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: 'I donated a horse for Jihad. The man who had the horse neglected it, so I wanted to buy it back, thinking that he would sell it for a cheap price. I asked the Prophet about this, and he said: "Do not buy it back and do not take back your charity, even if he gives it to you for one dirham, for the one who takes back his gift is like the one who takes back his vomit."
The one who takes back the gift he has given to someone is like one who eats his vomit
‘Abdullāh ibn ‘Abbās (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The one who takes back the gift he has given to someone is like one who eats his vomit." In another wording: "The one who takes back the charity that he gave is like a dog that vomits then eats its vomit."
Whoever pays in advance for anything, let him pay for a specified measure and a specified weight, to be delivered on a specified period of time
‘Abdullāh ibn ‘Abbās (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that when the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) came to Madīnah, they used to pay one, two or three years in advance for fruits, so he said: "Whoever pays in advance for anything, let him pay for a specified measure and a specified weight, to be delivered on a specified period of time."
We were the wealthiest farmers among the Ansār, and we used to lease out the land (saying): The produce of this (part of land) would be ours and (the produce) of that would be theirs. But it so happened that at times this (land) gave harvest, but the other one produced nothing. So he (the Prophet) forbade this. However, so far as the payment in silver is concerned, he did not forbid it
Rāfi‘ ibn Khadīj (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that we were the wealthiest farmers among the Ansār, and we used to lease out the land (saying): "The produce of this (part of land) would be ours and (the produce) of that would be theirs." But it so happened that at times this (land) gave harvest, but the other one produced nothing. So he forbade this. However, so far as the payment in silver is concerned, he did not forbid it.
Do not sell gold for gold except like for like, and do not sell less amount for greater amount or vice versa. And do not sell silver for silver except like for like, and do not sell less amount for greater amount or vice versa. And do not sell gold or silver that is not present at the moment of exchange for gold or silver that is present
Abu Sa‘īd al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Do not sell gold for gold except like for like, and do not sell less amount for greater amount or vice versa. Do not sell silver for silver except like for like, and do not sell less amount for greater amount or vice versa. Do not sell gold or silver that is not present at the moment of exchange for gold or silver that is present." Another wording reads: "... except hand to hand." A third wording reads: "... except if it is equal in weight, equivalent in value, and of the same quality.”
No one should prevent his neighbor from inserting a wooden peg into his wall. Abu Hurayrah then said: Why do I see you averse to that? By Allah, I will spread it [forcefully] among you
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: “No one should prevent his neighbor from inserting a wooden peg into his wall.” Abu Hurayrah then said: “Why do I see you averse to that? By Allah, I will spread it [forcefully] among you.”
He who sets free a Muslim slave, Allah will deliver from the fire of Hell every part of his body in return for every part of the slave's body, even his private parts
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "He who sets free a Muslim slave, Allah will deliver from the fire of Hell every part of his body in return for every part of the slave's body, even his private parts."
Beware of excessive swearing (by Allah) in sale transactions, for it sells (the goods) then erases (the blessing)
Abu Qatādah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that he heard the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) say: "Beware of excessive swearing (by Allah) in sale transactions, for it sells (the goods) then erases (the blessing)."
Verily, if one of you insists on fulfilling an oath by which he may harm his family that is more sinful in the sight of Allah, the Almighty, than breaking the oath and paying the (oath-breaking) expiation that Allah imposed
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Verily, if one of you insists on fulfilling an oath by which he may harm his family that is more sinful in the sight of Allah, the Almighty, than breaking the oath and paying the (oath-breaking) expiation that Allah imposed.”
The Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) liked sweets and honey, and whenever he finished the ‘Asr prayer, he would visit his wives and stay closely with them, one after another. He once visited Hafsah and remained with her for longer than usual
‘Ā’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) liked sweets and honey, and whenever he finished the ‘Asr prayer, he would visit his wives and stay closely with them, one after another. He once visited Hafsah and remained with her for longer than usual. I inquired about it, and it was said to me: ‘A woman from her tribe gifted her a leather vessel containing honey, and she gave some of it to the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) to drink.’ I said: "By Allah, we will play a trick on him." So I mentioned the story to Sawdah and said to her: "When he visits you, he will come near you, whereupon you should say to him: 'O Messenger of Allah, have you eaten Maghafīr (bad-smelling gum)?' He will say: 'No.' Then say to him: 'What about this smell then?' It was very hard on the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) that a bad smell would emit from him. He will say: 'Hafsah has given me a drink of honey.' Then say to him: 'Its bees must have sucked from ‘Urfut (a foul-smelling plant).' I too will tell him the same. And you, O Safiyyah, also say the same.’ When the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) visited Sawdah, the following happened, as related by Sawdah, who said: 'By the One other than Whom there is no god, I was about to tell him what you had told me while he was still at the door, out of fear from you.’ But when the Messenger (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) came near her, she said to him: ‘O Messenger of Allah, have you eaten Maghāfīr?’ He replied: ‘No.’ ‘I said: 'What about this smell then?' He said: 'Hafsah has given me a drink of honey.' I said: 'Its bees must have sucked ‘Urfut.'’ When he visited me, I told him the same, and when he visited Safiyyah, she too said the same. When he visited Hafsah again, she said to him: ‘O Messenger of Allah, shall I give you a drink of it (the honey)?’ He said: ‘I have no desire for it.’ Sawdah said: ‘Glory be to Allah! By Allah, we have deprived him of it.’ I said to her: ‘Keep quiet!’”
The son of Adam cannot make a vow concerning what is not his; he cannot free a slave who is not his; and he cannot divorce a woman who is not his (wife)
‘Amr ibn Shu‘ayb reported from his father that his grandfather said that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “The son of Adam cannot make a vow concerning what is not his; he cannot free a slave who is not his; and he cannot divorce a woman who is not his (wife).”
This verse: {Allah does not impose blame upon you for what is unintentional in your oaths} [Sūrat al-Baqarah: 225] was revealed concerning saying: "No, by Allah" and "Yes, by Allah"
‘Ā'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported: This verse: {Allah does not impose blame upon you for what is unintentional in your oaths} [Sūrat al-Baqarah: 225) was revealed concerning saying: "No, by Allah" and "Yes, by Allah".
The expiation for a vow is the same as the expiation for an oath
‘Uqbah ibn ‘Āmir (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "The expiation for a vow is the same as the expiation for an oath."
Whoever manumits a Muslim, Allah will save from Hell each organ of his body for each organ of him
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever manumits a Muslim, Allah will save from Hell each organ of his body for each organ of him (i.e. of the manumitted person).''
إن كنت تحب أن تطوق طوقًا من نار فاقبلها
عن عبادةَ بن الصامتِ، قال: عَلَّمتُ ناساً من أهل الصُّفَّةِ الكتابَ والقرآنَ، فأهْدَى إليَّ رجلٌ منهم قَوْسًا، فقلت: ليست بمالٍ وأرمي عنها في سبيلِ الله عز وجل، لآتِيَنَّ رسولَ الله فلأسألَنَّهُ، فأتيتُه، فقلتُ: يا رسولَ اللهِ، رجلٌ أهدى إلي قوسًا ممن كنت أُعلِّمُه الكتابَ والقرآنَ، وليست بمال وأرمي عنها في سبيل الله؟ قال: "إن كنتَ تُحبُّ أن تُطَوَّقَ طَوقًا من نارٍ فاقبَلْها".
إن أبي مات وترك مالًا، ولم يوص، فهل يكفر عنه أن أتصدق عنه؟
عن أبي هريرة أن رجلًا قال للنبي صلى الله عليه وسلم: إن أبي مات وترك مالًا، ولم يوص، فهل يكفر عنه أن أتصدق عنه؟ قال: «نعم».
من بلغه معروف عن أخيه من غير مسألة ولا إشراف نفس فليقبله ولا يرده
عن خالد بن عدي الجهني قال: سمعت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يقول: "من بلغه معروف عن أخيه من غير مسألة ولا إشراف نفس فليقبله ولا يرده، فإنما هو رزق ساقه الله إليه".
اقضوا الله الذي له، فإن الله أحق بالوفاء
عن ابن عباس أن امرأة جاءت إلى النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم، فقالت: إن أمي نذرت أن تحج فماتت قبل أن تحج، أفأحج عنها؟ قال: «نعم، حجي عنها، أرأيت لو كان على أمك دين أكنت قاضيته؟»، قالت: نعم، فقال: «اقضوا الله الذي له، فإن الله أحق بالوفاء».
أن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم أعطاه دينارًا يشتري له به شاةً، فاشترى له به شاتين
عن عروة البارقي أن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم أعطاه دينارًا يشتري له به شاةً، فاشترى له به شاتين، فباع إحداهما بدينارٍ، وجاءه بدينارٍ وشاةٍ، فدعا له بالبركة في بيعه، وكان لو اشترى التراب لربح فيه.
أن أم مالك كانت تُهدِي للنبي صلى الله عليه وسلم في عُكَّةٍ لها سمنًا
عن جابر أن أم مالك كانت تُهدِي للنبي صلى الله عليه وسلم في عُكَّةٍ لها سمنًا، فيأتيها بنوها فيسألون الأُدْمَ، وليس عندهم شيء، فتعمد إلى الذي كانت تهدي فيه للنبي صلى الله عليه وسلم، فتجد فيه سمنًا، فما زال يقيم لها أدم بيتها حتى عصرته، فأتت النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم فقال: «عَصَرْتِيْها؟» قالت: نعم، قال «لو تركتيها ما زال قائمًا».
لا تحلفوا بآبائكم ولا بأمهاتكم ولا بالأنداد
عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «لَا تَحْلِفُوا بِآبَائِكُمْ، وَلَا بِأُمَّهَاتِكُمْ، وَلَا بِالْأَنْدَادِ، وَلَا تَحْلِفُوا إِلَّا بِاللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ، وَلَا تَحْلِفُوا بِاللَّهِ إِلَّا وَأَنْتُمْ صَادِقُونَ».
كثيرًا مما كان النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم يحلف: لا ومقلب القلوب
عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ: كَثِيرًا مِمَّا كَانَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَحْلِفُ: «لاَ وَمُقَلِّبِ القُلُوبِ».
مَن حَلَفَ على يمينٍ فقال: إن شاء الله. فقد استثنى، فلا حنث عليه
عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «مَنْ حَلَفَ عَلَى يَمِينٍ فَقَالَ: إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ فَقَدِ اسْتَثْنَى، فَلاَ حِنْثَ عَلَيْهِ»، وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ: «مَنْ حَلَفَ فَاسْتَثْنَى فَإِنْ شَاءَ مَضَى وَإِنْ شَاءَ تَرَكَ غَيْرَ حِنْثٍ».
أن امرأة قالت: يا رسول الله، إني نذرت أن أضرب على رأسك بالدف، قال: أوفي بنذرك
عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ أَنَّ امْرَأَةً أَتَتِ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقَالَتْ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، إِنِّي نَذَرْتُ أَنْ أَضْرِبَ عَلَى رَأْسِكَ بِالدُّفِّ، قَالَ: «أَوْفِي بِنَذْرِكِ» قَالَتْ: إِنِّي نَذَرْتُ أَنْ أَذْبَحَ بِمَكَانِ كَذَا وَكَذَا، مَكَانٌ كَانَ يَذْبَحُ فِيهِ أَهْلُ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ، قَالَ «لِصَنَمٍ؟»: قَالَتْ: لَا، قَالَ: «لِوَثَنٍ؟»، قَالَتْ: لَا، قَالَ: «أَوْفِي بِنَذْرِكِ».
مَن نذر أن يطيع الله فليطعه، ومَن نذر أن يعصيَه فلا يعصِه
عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «مَنْ نَذَرَ أَنْ يُطِيعَ اللَّهَ فَلْيُطِعْهُ، وَمَنْ نَذَرَ أَنْ يَعْصِيَهُ فَلاَ يَعْصِهِ».
إن الله عن تعذيبِ هذا نفسَه لغنيٌّ
عَنْ أَنَسٍ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ رَأَى شَيْخًا يُهَادَى بَيْنَ ابْنَيْهِ، فَقَالَ: «مَا بَالُ هَذَا؟» قَالُوا: نَذَرَ أَنْ يَمْشِيَ، قَالَ: «إِنَّ اللهَ عَنْ تَعْذِيبِ هَذَا نَفْسَهُ لَغَنِيٌّ»، وَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَرْكَبَ.
أن امرأة ركبت البحر، فنذرت إن الله نجاها أن تصوم شهرًا، فنجاها الله
عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ أَنَّ امْرَأَةً رَكِبَتِ الْبَحْرَ، فَنَذَرَتْ إِنْ اللَّهُ نَجَّاهَا أَنْ تَصُومَ شَهْرًا، فَنَجَّاهَا اللَّهُ، فَلَمْ تَصُمْ حَتَّى مَاتَتْ، فَجَاءَتْ ابْنَتُهَا أَوْ أُخْتُهَا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَمَرَهَا أَنْ تَصُومَ عَنْهَا.
أن رجلًا قام يوم الفتح، فقال: يا رسول الله، إني نذرت لله إن فتح الله عليك مكة أن أصلي في بيت المقدس ركعتين
عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ أَنَّ رَجُلًا قَامَ يَوْمَ الْفَتْحِ، فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، إِنِّي نَذَرْتُ لِلَّهِ إِنْ فَتَحَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْكَ مَكَّةَ أَنْ أُصَلِّيَ فِي بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ، قَالَ: «صَلِّ هَهُنَا»، ثُمَّ أَعَادَ عَلَيْهِ، فَقَالَ: «صَلِّ هَهُنَا»، ثُمَّ أَعَادَ عَلَيْهِ، فَقَالَ: «شَأْنُكَ إِذَنْ».
نهى النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم أن يبيع بعضكم على بيع بعض، ولا يخطب الرجل على خطبة أخيه
عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ: نَهَى النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ يَبِيعَ بَعْضُكُمْ عَلَى بَيْعِ بَعْضٍ، وَلاَ يَخْطُبَ الرَّجُلُ عَلَى خِطْبَةِ أَخِيهِ، حَتَّى يَتْرُكَ الخَاطِبُ قَبْلَهُ أَوْ يَأْذَنَ لَهُ الخَاطِبُ.
أنت ومالُكَ لِوالدك
عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ أَنَّ رَجُلًا أَتَى النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، إِنَّ لِي مَالًا وَوَلَدًا، وَإِنَّ وَالِدِي يَحْتَاجُ مَالِي؟ قَالَ: «أَنْتَ وَمَالُكَ لِوَالِدِكَ، إِنَّ أَوْلَادَكُمْ مِنْ أَطْيَبِ كَسْبِكُمْ، فَكُلُوا مِنْ كَسْبِ أَوْلَادِكُمْ».
هل كان النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم أوصى؟
عَنْ طَلْحَةَ بْنِ مُصَرِّفٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ أَبِي أَوْفَى رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا: هَلْ كَانَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَوْصَى؟ فَقَالَ: لاَ، فَقُلْتُ: كَيْفَ كُتِبَ عَلَى النَّاسِ الوَصِيَّةُ أَوْ أُمِرُوا بِالوَصِيَّةِ؟ قَالَ: أَوْصَى بِكِتَابِ اللَّهِ.
لو أن الناس غَضُّوا من الثلث إلى الربع
عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: لَوْ أَنَّ النَّاسَ غَضُّوا مِنَ الثُّلُثِ إِلَى الرُّبُعِ، فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «الثُّلُثُ، وَالثُّلُثُ كَثِيرٌ».
أن رجلًا أعتق ستة مملوكين له عند موته، لم يكن له مال غيرهم
عَنْ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ حُصَيْنٍ أَنَّ رَجُلًا أَعْتَقَ سِتَّةَ مَمْلُوكِينَ لَهُ عِنْدَ مَوْتِهِ، لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ مَالٌ غَيْرَهُمْ، فَدَعَا بِهِمْ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَجَزَّأَهُمْ أَثْلَاثًا، ثُمَّ أَقْرَعَ بَيْنَهُمْ، فَأَعْتَقَ اثْنَيْنِ، وَأَرَقَّ أَرْبَعَةً، وَقَالَ لَهُ قَوْلًا شَدِيدًا. وَفِي رِوَايةٍ: أَنَّ رَجُلًا مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ أَوْصَى عِنْدَ مَوْتِهِ فَأَعْتَقَ سِتَّةَ مَمْلُوكِينَ.
ثلاثة لا يكلمهم الله يوم القيامة ولا يزكيهم ولهم عذاب أليم
عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «ثَلاَثَةٌ لاَ يُكَلِّمُهُمُ اللَّهُ يَوْمَ القِيَامَةِ وَلاَ يُزَكِّيهِمْ وَلَهُمْ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ: رَجُلٌ عَلَى فَضْلِ مَاءٍ بِالطَّرِيقِ يَمْنَعُ مِنْهُ ابْنَ السَّبِيلِ، وَرَجُلٌ بَايَعَ إِمَامًا لاَ يُبَايِعُهُ إِلَّا لِدُنْيَاهُ، إِنْ أَعْطَاهُ مَا يُرِيدُ وَفَى لَهُ، وَإِلَّا لَمْ يَفِ لَهُ، وَرَجُلٌ يُبَايِعُ رَجُلًا بِسِلْعَةٍ بَعْدَ العَصْرِ، فَحَلَفَ بِاللَّهِ لَقَدْ أُعْطِيَ بِهَا كَذَا وَكَذَا فَصَدَّقَهُ، فَأَخَذَهَا، وَلَمْ يُعْطَ بِهَا».
المسلمون شركاء في ثلاث: في الكلأ، والماء، والنار
عَنْ أَبِي خِدَاشٍ -وَهُوَ حِبَّانَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ الشَّرْعَبِيِّ- عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: غَزَوْتُ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ثَلَاثًا أَسْمَعُهُ يَقُولُ: «الْمُسْلِمُونَ شُرَكَاءُ فِي ثَلَاثٍ: فِي الْكَلَإِ وَالْمَاءِ وَالنَّارِ».
المتبايعان كل واحد منهما بالخيار على صاحبه ما لم يتفرقا
عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا: أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، قَالَ: «المُتَبَايِعَانِ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا بِالخِيَارِ عَلَى صَاحِبِهِ مَا لَمْ يَتَفَرَّقَا، إِلَّا بَيْعَ الخِيَارِ».
إنما البيع عن تراض.
«إِنَّمَا البَيْعُ عَنْ تَرَاضٍ».
لا تبيعوا الذهب بالذهب إلا سواء بسواء، والفضة بالفضة إلا سواء بسواء
عَن أَبي بَكْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «لاَ تَبِيعُوا الذَّهَبَ بِالذَّهَبِ إِلَّا سَوَاءً بِسَوَاءٍ، وَالفِضَّةَ بِالفِضَّةِ إِلَّا سَوَاءً بِسَوَاءٍ، وَبِيعُوا الذَّهَبَ بِالفِضَّةِ، وَالفِضَّةَ بِالذَّهَبِ كَيْفَ شِئْتُمْ».
لا ربا إلا في النسيئة
عَن أَبِي صَالِحٍ الزَّيَّاتِ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ أَبَا سَعِيدٍ الخُدْرِيَّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ يَقُولُ: الدِّينَارُ بِالدِّينَارِ، وَالدِّرْهَمُ بِالدِّرْهَمِ، فَقُلْتُ لَهُ: فَإِنَّ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ لاَ يَقُولُهُ، فَقَالَ أَبُو سَعِيدٍ: سَأَلْتُهُ، فَقُلْتُ: سَمِعْتَهُ مِنَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، أَوْ وَجَدْتَهُ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ؟ قَالَ: كُلَّ ذَلِكَ لاَ أَقُولُ، وَأَنْتُمْ أَعْلَمُ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنِّي وَلَكِنْ أَخْبَرَنِي أُسَامَةُ: أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، قَالَ: «لاَ رِبًا إِلَّا فِي النَّسِيئَةِ».
اشتريت يوم خيبر قلادة باثني عشر دينارًا فيها ذهب وخَرَز
عَنْ فَضَالَةَ بْنِ عُبَيْدٍ قَالَ: اشْتَرَيْتُ يَوْمَ خَيْبَرَ قِلَادَةً بِاثْنَيْ عَشَرَ دِينَارًا، فِيهَا ذَهَبٌ وَخَرَزٌ، فَفَصَّلْتُهَا، فَوَجَدْتُ فِيهَا أَكْثَرَ مِنِ اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ دِينَارًا، فَذَكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ لِلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقَالَ: «لَا تُبَاعُ حَتَّى تُفَصَّلَ».
لعن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم آكل الربا ومؤكله وكاتبه وشاهديه، وقال: هم سواء
لَعَنَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ آكِلَ الرِّبَا وَمُؤْكِلَهُ وَكَاتِبَهُ وَشَاهِدَيْهِ، وَقَالَ: «هُمْ سَوَاءٌ».
من احتكر فهو خاطئ
عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ قَالَ: كَانَ سَعِيدُ بْنُ الْمُسَيِّبِ يُحَدِّثُ أَنَّ مَعْمَرًا قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «مَنِ احْتَكَرَ فَهُوَ خَاطِئٌ»، فَقِيلَ لِسَعِيدٍ: فَإِنَّكَ تَحْتَكِرُ؟ قَالَ سَعِيدٌ: إِنَّ مَعْمَرًا الَّذِي كَانَ يُحَدِّثُ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ كَانَ يَحْتَكِرُ.
سَأَلْتُ جَابِرًا عَنْ ثَمَنِ الْكَلْبِ وَالسِّنَّوْرِ؟
سَأَلْتُ جَابِرًا عَنْ ثَمَنِ الْكَلْبِ وَالسِّنَّوْرِ؟ قَالَ: زَجَرَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ ذَلِكَ.
لا يبع حاضرٌ لِبادٍ، دَعُوا الناس يرزق اللهُ بعضَهم من بعض
عَنْ جَابِرٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «لَا يَبِعْ حَاضِرٌ لِبَادٍ، دَعُوا النَّاسَ يَرْزُقِ اللهُ بَعْضَهُمْ مِنْ بَعْضٍ».
خذيها، فأعتقيها، واشترطي لهم الولاء، فإنما الولاء لمن أعتق
عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ: جَاءَتْ بَرِيرَةُ، فَقَالَتْ: إِنِّي كَاتَبْتُ أَهْلِي عَلَى تِسْعِ أَوَاقٍ، فِي كُلِّ عَامٍ وَقِيَّةٌ، فَأَعِينِينِي، فَقَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ: إِنْ أَحَبَّ أَهْلُكِ أَنْ أَعُدَّهَا لَهُمْ عَدَّةً وَاحِدَةً وَأُعْتِقَكِ فَعَلْتُ، وَيَكُونَ وَلاَؤُكِ لِي، فَذَهَبَتْ إِلَى أَهْلِهَا فَأَبَوْا ذَلِكَ عَلَيْهَا، فَقَالَتْ: إِنِّي قَدْ عَرَضْتُ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَأَبَوْا إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ الوَلاَءُ لَهُمْ، فَسَمِعَ بِذَلِكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَسَأَلَنِي فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ، فَقَالَ: «خُذِيهَا، فَأَعْتِقِيهَا، وَاشْتَرِطِي لَهُمُ الوَلاَءَ، فَإِنَّمَا الوَلاَءُ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ»، قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ: فَقَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي النَّاسِ، فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ وَأَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: «أَمَّا بَعْدُ، فَمَا بَالُ رِجَالٍ مِنْكُمْ يَشْتَرِطُونَ شُرُوطًا لَيْسَتْ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ، فَأَيُّمَا شَرْطٍ لَيْسَ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ فَهُوَ بَاطِلٌ، وَإِنْ كَانَ مِائَةَ شَرْطٍ، فَقَضَاءُ اللَّهِ أَحَقُّ، وَشَرْطُ اللَّهِ أَوْثَقُ، مَا بَالُ رِجَالٍ مِنْكُمْ يَقُولُ أَحَدُهُمْ: أَعْتِقْ يَا فُلاَنُ وَلِيَ الوَلاَءُ، إِنَّمَا الوَلاَءُ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ».
توفي رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ودرعه مرهونة عند يهوديٍّ
عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ: تُوُفِّيَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَدِرْعُهُ مَرْهُونَةٌ عِنْدَ يَهُودِيٍّ، بِثَلاَثِينَ صَاعًا مِنْ شَعِيرٍ.
لا تبع ما ليس عندك
عَنْ حَكِيمِ بْنِ حِزَامٍ قَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، يَأْتِينِي الرَّجُلُ فَيُرِيدُ مِنِّي الْبَيْعَ لَيْسَ عِنْدِي أَفَأَبْتَاعُهُ لَهُ مِنَ السُّوقِ؟ فَقَالَ: «لَا تَبِعْ مَا لَيْسَ عِنْدَكَ».
لا يحل سلف وبيع، ولا شرطان في بيع، ولا ربح ما لم يضمن، ولا بيع ما ليس عندك
عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «لَا يَحِلُّ سَلَفٌ وَبَيْعٌ، وَلَا شَرْطَانِ فِي بَيْعٍ، وَلَا رِبْحُ مَا لَمْ تَضْمَنْ، وَلَا بَيْعُ مَا لَيْسَ عِنْدَكَ».
من أقال مسلمًا أقاله الله عثرته
عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «مَنْ أَقَالَ مُسْلِمًا أَقَالَهُ اللَّهُ عَثْرَتَهُ».
إن التجار هم الفجار
عَنْ عَبدِ الرَّحمنِ بنِ شِبْلٍ قال: إِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ فَذَكرَ حَدِيثًا ثُمَّ قَالَ: «إِنَّ التُّجَّارَ هُمُ الْفُجَّارُ» قَالُوا: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، أَلَيْسَ قَدْ أَحَلَّ اللهُ الْبَيْعَ، وَحَرَّمَ الرِّبَا؟ قَالَ: «بَلَى وَلَكِنَّهُمْ يَحْلِفُونَ وَيَأْثَمُونَ».
من أخذ أموال الناس يريد أداءها أدى الله عنه
عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «مَنْ أَخَذَ أَمْوَالَ النَّاسِ يُرِيدُ أَدَاءَهَا أَدَّى اللَّهُ عَنْهُ، وَمَنْ أَخَذَ يُرِيدُ إِتْلاَفَهَا أَتْلَفَهُ اللَّهُ».
نفس المؤمن معلَّقةٌ بدينه حتى يقضى عنه
عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «نَفْسُ الْمُؤْمِنِ مُعَلَّقَةٌ بِدَيْنِهِ حَتَّى يُقْضَى عَنْهُ».
كنا جلوسًا عند النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم، إذ أُتِيَ بجنازة، فقالوا: صلِّ عليها
عَنْ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ الأَكْوَعِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: كُنَّا جُلُوسًا عِنْدَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، إِذْ أُتِيَ بِجَنَازَةٍ، فَقَالُوا: صَلِّ عَلَيْهَا، فَقَالَ: «هَلْ عَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ؟»، قَالُوا: لَا، قَالَ: «فَهَلْ تَرَكَ شَيْئًا؟»، قَالُوا: لَا، فَصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ، ثُمَّ أُتِيَ بِجَنَازَةٍ أُخْرَى، فَقَالُوا: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، صَلِّ عَلَيْهَا، قَالَ: «هَلْ عَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ؟» قِيلَ: نَعَمْ، قَالَ: «فَهَلْ تَرَكَ شَيْئًا؟»، قَالُوا: ثَلاَثَةَ دَنَانِيرَ، فَصَلَّى عَلَيْهَا، ثُمَّ أُتِيَ بِالثَّالِثَةِ، فَقَالُوا: صَلِّ عَلَيْهَا، قَالَ: «هَلْ تَرَكَ شَيْئًا؟»، قَالُوا: لَا، قَالَ: «فَهَلْ عَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ؟»، قَالُوا: ثَلاَثَةُ دَنَانِيرَ، قَالَ: «صَلُّوا عَلَى صَاحِبِكُمْ»، قَالَ أَبُو قَتَادَةَ: صَلِّ عَلَيْهِ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَعَلَيَّ دَيْنُهُ، فَصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ.
خذوا ما وجدتم، وليس لكم إلا ذلك
عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ قَالَ: أُصِيبَ رَجُلٌ فِي عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي ثِمَارٍ ابْتَاعَهَا، فَكَثُرَ دَيْنُهُ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «تَصَدَّقُوا عَلَيْهِ»، فَتَصَدَّقَ النَّاسُ عَلَيْهِ، فَلَمْ يَبْلُغْ ذَلِكَ وَفَاءَ دَيْنِهِ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِغُرَمَائِهِ: «خُذُوا مَا وَجَدْتُمْ، وَلَيْسَ لَكُمْ إِلَّا ذَلِكَ».
العارية مؤداة، والمنحة مردودة، والدين مقضي، والزعيم غارم
عَنْ أَبي أُمَامَةَ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلّى الله عليه وسلم يَقُولُ: «إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ قَدْ أَعْطَى كُلَّ ذِي حَقٍّ حَقَّهُ، فَلَا وَصِيَّةَ لِوَارِثٍ، لَا تُنْفِقُ الْمَرْأَةُ شَيْئًا مِنْ بَيْتِهَا إِلَّا بِإِذْنِ زَوْجِهَا»، قِيلَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، وَلَا الطَّعَامَ، قَالَ: «ذَلِكَ أَفْضَلُ أَمْوَالِنَا» ثُمَّ قَالَ: «الْعَارِيَّةُ مُؤَدَّاةٌ، وَالْمِنْحَةُ مَرْدُودَةٌ، وَالدَّيْنُ مَقْضِيٌّ، وَالزَّعِيمُ غَارِمٌ».
أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم استعار من صفوان أدراعًا يوم حنين
عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ أُمَيَّةَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ اسْتَعَارَ مِنْهُ أَدْرَاعًا يَوْمَ حُنَيْنٍ، فَقَالَ: أَغَصْبٌ يَا مُحَمَّدُ؟ فَقَالَ: «لَا، بَلْ عَارِيَّةٌ مَضْمُونَةٌ».
إنه لا قُدِّست أمَّة لا يأخذ الضعيف فيها حقه غير متعتع
عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ قَالَ: جَاءَ أَعْرَابِيٌّ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَتَقَاضَاهُ دَيْنًا كَانَ عَلَيْهِ، فَاشْتَدَّ عَلَيْهِ، حَتَّى قَالَ لَهُ: أُحَرِّجُ عَلَيْكَ إِلَّا قَضَيْتَنِي. فَانْتَهَرَهُ أَصْحَابُهُ وَقَالُوا: وَيْحَكَ، تَدْرِي مَنْ تُكَلِّمُ؟ قَالَ: إِنِّي أَطْلُبُ حَقِّي. فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «هَلَّا مَعَ صَاحِبِ الْحَقِّ كُنْتُمْ؟» ثُمَّ أَرْسَلَ إِلَى خَوْلَةَ بِنْتِ قَيْسٍ فَقَالَ لَهَا: «إِنْ كَانَ عِنْدَكِ تَمْرٌ فَأَقْرِضِينَا حَتَّى يَأْتِيَنَا تَمْر فَنَقْضِيَكِ»، فَقَالَتْ: نَعَمْ، بِأَبِي أَنْتَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ. قَالَ: فَأَقْرَضَتْهُ، فَقَضَى الْأَعْرَابِيَّ وَأَطْعَمَهُ، فَقَالَ: أَوْفَيْتَ، أَوْفَى اللَّهُ لَكَ. فَقَالَ: «أُولَئِكَ خِيَارُ النَّاسِ، إِنَّهُ لَا قُدِّسَتْ أُمَّةٌ لَا يَأْخُذُ الضَّعِيفُ فِيهَا حَقَّهُ غَيْرَ مُتَعْتَعٍ».
Allah Almighty said: There are three I will be hostile to them on the Day of Judgment
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (ﷺ) said: "Allah Almighty said: There are three I will be hostile to them on the Day of Judgment: a man who gave a promise in My Name and then broke it; a man who sold a free person as a slave and devoured his price; and a man who hired a worker and took the full work from him, but did not pay him his wages."
نهى النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم عن عَسْبِ الفَحْل
عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ: نَهَى النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ عَسْبِ الفَحْلِ.
لا يَدخلُ هذا بيتَ قومٍ إلا أدخلَه اللهُ الذُّلَّ
عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ الأَلْهَانِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي أُمَامَةَ البَاهِلِيِّ قَالَ: وَرَأَى سِكَّةً وَشَيْئًا مِنْ آلَةِ الحَرْثِ، فَقَالَ: سَمِعْتُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: «لاَ يَدْخُلُ هَذَا بَيْتَ قَوْمٍ إِلَّا أَدْخَلَهُ اللَّهُ الذُّلَّ».
مَن أعمر أرضًا ليست لأحدٍ فهو أحق
عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «مَنْ أَعْمَرَ أَرْضًا لَيْسَتْ لِأَحَدٍ فَهُوَ أَحَقُّ»، قَالَ عُرْوَةُ: قَضَى بِهِ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فِي خِلاَفَتِهِ.
من أحيا أرضًا ميتةً فهي له، وليس لعرق ظالم حقٌّ
عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «مَنْ أَحْيَا أَرْضًا مَيْتَةً فَهِيَ لَهُ، وَلَيْسَ لِعِرْقٍ ظَالِمٍ حَقٌّ».
كان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يقبل الهدية ويثيب عليها
عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ: كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقْبَلُ الهَدِيَّةَ وَيُثِيبُ عَلَيْهَا.
إني نُهِيتُ عن زَبْدِ المُشركين
عَنْ عِيَاضِ بْنِ حِمَارٍ قَالَ: أَهْدَيْتُ لِلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ نَاقَةً، فَقَالَ: «أَسْلَمْتَ؟»، فَقُلْتُ: لَا، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «إِنِّي نُهِيتُ عَنْ زَبْدِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ».
لا يرجع في هبته إلا الوالد من ولده
عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَمْرِو أَنَّ نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «لَا يَرْجِعْ فِي هِبَتِهِ إِلَّا الْوَالِدَ مِنْ وَلَدِهِ».
أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم نهى عن لقطة الحاجِّ
عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ التَّيْمِيِّ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ نَهَى عَنْ لُقَطَةِ الْحَاجِّ.
ضالَّةُ المسلم حَرَق النار
عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الشِّخِّيرِ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «ضَالَّةُ الْمُسْلِمِ حَرَقُ النَّارِ».
الصلح جائز بين المسلمين
عَنْ كَثِيرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ عَوْفٍ الْمُزَنِيُّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «الصُّلْحُ جَائِزٌ بَيْنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ، إِلاَّ صُلْحًا حَرَّمَ حَلاَلاً، أَوْ أَحَلَّ حَرَامًا، وَالمُسْلِمُونَ عَلَى شُرُوطِهِمْ، إِلاَّ شَرْطًا حَرَّمَ حَلاَلاً، أَوْ أَحَلَّ حَرَامًا».
لما قدم المهاجرون من مكةَ المدينةَ قدموا وليس بأيديهم شيء
عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ قَالَ: لَمَّا قَدِمَ الْمُهَاجِرُونَ مِنْ مَكَّةَ الْمَدِينَةَ قَدِمُوا وَلَيْسَ بِأَيْدِيهِمْ شَيْءٌ، وَكَانَ الْأَنْصَارُ أَهْلَ الْأَرْضِ وَالْعَقَارِ، فَقَاسَمَهُمُ الْأَنْصَارُ عَلَى أَنْ أَعْطَوْهُمْ أَنْصَافَ ثِمَارِ أَمْوَالِهِمْ، كُلَّ عَامٍ، وَيَكْفُونَهُمُ الْعَمَلَ وَالْمَئُونَةَ، وَكَانَتْ أُمُّ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ وَهِيَ تُدْعَى أُمَّ سُلَيْمٍ، وَكَانَتْ أُمَّ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ أَبِي طَلْحَةَ، كَانَ أَخًا لِأَنَسٍ لِأُمِّهِ، وَكَانَتْ أَعْطَتْ أُمُّ أَنَسٍ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عِذَاقًا لَهَا، فَأَعْطَاهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أُمَّ أَيْمَنَ، مَوْلَاتَهُ، أُمَّ أُسَامَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ، قَالَ ابْنُ شِهَابٍ: فَأَخْبَرَنِي أَنَسُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَمَّا فَرَغَ مِنْ قِتَالِ أَهْلِ خَيْبَرَ وَانْصَرَفَ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ رَدَّ الْمُهَاجِرُونَ إِلَى الْأَنْصَارِ مَنَائِحَهُمُ الَّتِي كَانُوا مَنَحُوهُمْ مِنْ ثِمَارِهِمْ، قَالَ: فَرَدَّ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِلَى أُمِّي عِذَاقَهَا، وَأَعْطَى رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أُمَّ أَيْمَنَ مَكَانَهُنَّ مِنْ حَائِطِهِ، قَالَ ابْنُ شِهَابٍ: وَكَانَ مِنْ شَأْنِ أُمِّ أَيْمَنَ أُمِّ أُسَامَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ أَنَّهَا كَانَتْ وَصِيفَةً لِعَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ، وَكَانَتْ مِنَ الْحَبَشَةِ، فَلَمَّا وَلَدَتْ آمِنَةُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَعْدَ مَا تُوُفِّيَ أَبُوهُ، فَكَانَتْ أُمُّ أَيْمَنَ تَحْضُنُهُ حَتَّى كَبِرَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَعْتَقَهَا، ثُمَّ أَنْكَحَهَا زَيْدَ بْنَ حَارِثَةَ، ثُمَّ تُوُفِّيَتْ بَعْدَ مَا تُوُفِّيَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِخَمْسَةِ أَشْهُرٍ. مُتَّفقٌ عليهِ. وفِي روايةٍ للبُخاريِّ: عَنْ أَنسٍ رَضِي اللهُ عنهُ قال: كَانَ الرَّجُلُ يَجْعَلُ لِلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ النَّخَلاَتِ، حَتَّى افْتَتَحَ قُرَيْظَةَ وَالنَّضِيرَ، وَإِنَّ أَهْلِي أَمَرُونِي أَنْ آتِيَ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَأَسْأَلَهُ الَّذِي كَانُوا أَعْطَوْهُ أَوْ بَعْضَهُ، وَكَانَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَدْ أَعْطَاهُ أُمَّ أَيْمَنَ، فَجَاءَتْ أُمُّ أَيْمَنَ فَجَعَلَتِ الثَّوْبَ فِي عُنُقِي، تَقُولُ: كَلَّا وَالَّذِي لاَ إِلَهَ إِلَّا هُوَ لاَ يُعْطِيكَهُمْ وَقَدْ أَعْطَانِيهَا، أَوْ كَمَا قَالَتْ: وَالنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: «لَكِ كَذَا» وَتَقُولُ: كَلَّا وَاللَّهِ، حَتَّى أَعْطَاهَا -حَسِبْتُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ- عَشَرَةَ أَمْثَالِهِ، أَوْ كَمَا قَالَ.
من كان عنده طعام اثنين فليذهب بثالث، وإن أربع فخامس أو سادس
عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ أَنَّ أَصْحَابَ الصُّفَّةِ كَانُوا أُنَاسًا فُقَرَاءَ، وَأَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «مَنْ كَانَ عِنْدَهُ طَعَامُ اثْنَيْنِ فَلْيَذْهَبْ بِثَالِثٍ، وَإِنْ أَرْبَعٌ فَخَامِسٌ أَوْ سَادِسٌ» وَأَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ جَاءَ بِثَلاَثَةٍ، فَانْطَلَقَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِعَشَرَةٍ، قَالَ: فَهُوَ أَنَا وَأَبِي وَأُمِّي -فَلاَ أَدْرِي قَالَ: وَامْرَأَتِي وَخَادِمٌ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَ بَيْتِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ-، وَإِنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ تَعَشَّى عِنْدَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، ثُمَّ لَبِثَ حَيْثُ صُلِّيَتِ العِشَاءُ، ثُمَّ رَجَعَ، فَلَبِثَ حَتَّى تَعَشَّى النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَجَاءَ بَعْدَ مَا مَضَى مِنَ اللَّيْلِ مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ، قَالَتْ لَهُ امْرَأَتُهُ: وَمَا حَبَسَكَ عَنْ أَضْيَافِكَ -أَوْ قَالَتْ: ضَيْفِكَ- قَالَ: أَوَمَا عَشَّيْتِيهِمْ؟ قَالَتْ: أَبَوْا حَتَّى تَجِيءَ، قَدْ عُرِضُوا فَأَبَوْا، قَالَ: فَذَهَبْتُ أَنَا فَاخْتَبَأْتُ، فَقَالَ: يَا غُنْثَرُ، فَجَدَّعَ وَسَبَّ، وَقَالَ: كُلُوا لاَ هَنِيئًا، فَقَالَ: وَاللَّهِ لاَ أَطْعَمُهُ أَبَدًا، وَايْمُ اللَّهِ، مَا كُنَّا نَأْخُذُ مِنْ لُقْمَةٍ إِلَّا رَبَا مِنْ أَسْفَلِهَا أَكْثَرُ مِنْهَا -قَالَ: يَعْنِي حَتَّى شَبِعُوا- وَصَارَتْ أَكْثَرَ مِمَّا كَانَتْ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ، فَنَظَرَ إِلَيْهَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ فَإِذَا هِيَ كَمَا هِيَ أَوْ أَكْثَرُ مِنْهَا، فَقَالَ لِامْرَأَتِهِ: يَا أُخْتَ بَنِي فِرَاسٍ مَا هَذَا؟ قَالَتْ: لاَ وَقُرَّةِ عَيْنِي، لَهِيَ الآنَ أَكْثَرُ مِنْهَا قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ بِثَلاَثِ مَرَّاتٍ، فَأَكَلَ مِنْهَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ، وَقَالَ: إِنَّمَا كَانَ ذَلِكَ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ -يَعْنِي يَمِينَهُ- ثُمَّ أَكَلَ مِنْهَا لُقْمَةً، ثُمَّ حَمَلَهَا إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَصْبَحَتْ عِنْدَهُ، وَكَانَ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَ قَوْمٍ عَقْدٌ، فَمَضَى الأَجَلُ، فَفَرَّقَنَا اثْنَا عَشَرَ رَجُلًا، مَعَ كُلِّ رَجُلٍ مِنْهُمْ أُنَاسٌ، اللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ كَمْ مَعَ كُلِّ رَجُلٍ، فَأَكَلُوا مِنْهَا أَجْمَعُونَ، أَوْ كَمَا قَال. مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيهِ. وَفِي رِوَايةٍ لِمُسْلِمٍ: قَالَ: فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحَ غَدَا عَلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، بَرُّوا وَحَنِثْتُ، قَالَ: فَأَخْبَرَهُ، فَقَالَ: «بَلْ أَنْتَ أَبَرُّهُمْ وَأَخْيَرُهُمْ»، قَالَ: وَلَمْ تَبْلُغْنِي كَفَّارَةٌ.
كنا مع النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم ثلاثين ومائة
عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ: كُنَّا مَعَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ثَلاَثِينَ وَمِائَةً، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «هَلْ مَعَ أَحَدٍ مِنْكُمْ طَعَامٌ؟»، فَإِذَا مَعَ رَجُلٍ صَاعٌ مِنْ طَعَامٍ أَوْ نَحْوُهُ، فَعُجِنَ، ثُمَّ جَاءَ رَجُلٌ مُشْرِكٌ مُشْعَانٌّ طَوِيلٌ، بِغَنَمٍ يَسُوقُهَا، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «بَيْعًا أَمْ عَطِيَّةً»، أَوْ قَالَ: «أَمْ هِبَةً؟»، قَالَ: لاَ، بَلْ بَيْعٌ، فَاشْتَرَى مِنْهُ شَاةً، فَصُنِعَتْ، وَأَمَرَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِسَوَادِ البَطْنِ أَنْ يُشْوَى، وَايْمُ اللَّهِ، مَا فِي الثَّلاَثِينَ وَالمِائَةِ إِلَّا قَدْ حَزَّ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَهُ حُزَّةً مِنْ سَوَادِ بَطْنِهَا، إِنْ كَانَ شَاهِدًا أَعْطَاهَا إِيَّاهُ، وَإِنْ كَانَ غَائِبًا خَبَأَ لَهُ، فَجَعَلَ مِنْهَا قَصْعَتَيْنِ، فَأَكَلُوا أَجْمَعُونَ وَشَبِعْنَا، فَفَضَلَتِ القَصْعَتَانِ، فَحَمَلْنَاهُ عَلَى البَعِيرِ، أَوْ كَمَا قَالَ.
A person from the Ansār declared that a slave of his would be free after he dies.
Jābir ibn ‘Abdullāh (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that a man from the Ansār declared that a slave of his would be free after his death. Another version says that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) was told that a man from his Companions declared that a slave of his would be free after his own death although he had no property other than him (this slave). So, the Prophet sold him for eight hundred dirhams and sent the money to him.
Sulaymān ibn Dawūd (Prophet Solomon) (peace be upon him) said: "I will indeed have sexual intercourse with seventy women at night, and each one of them will give birth to a child who will fight in the cause of Allah."
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Sulaymān ibn Dawūd (peace be upon him) said: 'I will indeed have sexual intercourse with seventy women at night, and each one of them will give birth to a child who will fight in the cause of Allah.' It was said to him: 'Say: Allah willing!' But he did not do so. He had intercourse with them all, but none of them gave birth, except for one woman who gave birth to half a person." Upon this, the Messenger (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "If he had said, 'Allah willing,' he would not have failed in his oath, and his desire would have been fulfilled."
Keep some of your wealth, for this is better for you
Ka‘b ibn Mālik (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: I said: "O Messenger of Allah, I would like to give all of my wealth as a charity for the sake of Allah and His Messenger to make my repentance fully approved." The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Keep some of your wealth, for this is better for you."
Whoever frees his share of a common slave and he has sufficient money to free him completely, should let its price be estimated by a just man and give his partners the price of their shares and manumit the slave
‘Abdullah ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever frees his share of a common slave and he has sufficient money to free him completely, should let its price be estimated by a just man and give his partners the price of their shares and manumit the slave; otherwise (i.e. if he has not sufficient money) he manumits the slave partially."
Whoever emancipates a share in a slave should completely emancipate him from his money, if he can afford it. Otherwise, a fair price should be set for the slave.
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever emancipates a share in a slave should completely emancipate him from his money, if he can afford it. Otherwise, a fair price should be set for the slave, who will be required to work and pay for his freedom without being overburdened."
Three types of people will receive a double reward: a man from the People of the Book who believed in his Prophet and then believed in Muhammad, a slave who fulfilled his duties towards Allah and towards his masters, and a man who had a female slave and he taught her good manners, educated her well, then freed her and married her; he will receive a double reward
Abu Mūsa al-Ash‘ari (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Three types of people will receive a double reward: a man from the People of the Book who believed in his Prophet and then believed in Muhammad, a slave who fulfilled his duties towards Allah and towards his masters, and a man who had a female slave and he taught her good manners, educated her well, then freed her and married her; he will receive a double reward."
Weigh, and add some more
Abu Safwān Suwayd ibn Qays (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: Makhramah al-‘Abdi and I brought some linen garments from Hajar. The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) came to us and bargained with us for some pants. There was a man present who would weigh merchandise (in scales) for a wage. The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said to him: "Weigh, and add some more."
Well-done! That is a profitable deal! That is a profitable deal! I heard what you said: and I suggest that you give it to your nearest relatives
Anas ibn Mālik (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that Abu Talhah (may Allah be pleased with him) was the richest man among the Ansār in Madīnah, in terms of his ownership of date palms. And his most beloved property was (his date-palm garden known as) Bayrahā’. It was opposite the mosque, and the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) often entered it and drank from its fresh water. When this verse was revealed: {Never will you attain the good (reward) until you spend (in the way of Allah) from that which you love} [Sūrat Āl-‘Imrān: 92], Abu Talhah came to the Messenger of Allah and said: "O Messenger of Allah, Allah revealed to you {Never will you attain the good (reward) until you spend (in the way of Allah) from that which you love}, and my most beloved possession is Bayrahā’. I have given it in charity in the way of Allah, hoping to earn its reward from Him, so spend it, O Messenger of Allah, as Allah shows you." The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Well-done! That is a profitable deal! That is a profitable deal! I heard what you said: and I suggest that you give it to your nearest relatives." So Abu Talhah said: "I shall do that, O Messenger of Allah", and he distributed it amongst his closest relatives and his paternal cousins.
ثلاثة لهم أجران
عن أبي موسى الأشعري رضي الله عنه مرفوعاً: «ثلاثة لهم أجران: رجل من أهل الكتاب آمن بنبيه، وآمن بمحمد، والعبد المملوك إذا أدى حق الله، وحق مواليه، ورجل كانت له أمة فأدبها فأحسن تأديبها، وعلمها فأحسن تعليمها، ثم أعتقها فتزوجها؛ فله أجران».
A woman came to the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) with a woven mantle
Sahl ibn Sa‘d (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that a woman came to the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) with a woven mantle and said: "I have woven it with my hands for you to wear." So the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) took it as he was in need of it. He came out to us wearing it as his lower garment. Someone said: "How beautiful! Give it to me to wear!" He answered: "Yes." Then the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) sat there for some time. When he returned home, he folded it and sent it to the man. People said to him: "You have not done well by asking him for it when you know that he never turns down anybody's request and the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) wore it for he was in need of it." He said: "By Allah, I did not ask him for it in order to wear it; I only asked him for it so that it would be my shroud." Sahl said: "And it was his shroud."
The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) prohibited the selling and gifting of Walā'
‘Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) prohibited the selling and gifting of Walā' (the right of a master to inherit from his freed slave by virtue of the bond of loyalty between them).
If you are left behind and do good deeds whereby you seek Allah's pleasure, you will be raised a degree and your status will be elevated on account of them. Perhaps you will be left behind so that some people may benefit by you and others may be harmed by you
Sa‘d ibn Abi Waqqās (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) came to visit me for an illness which became so hard to bear in the year of the Farewell Hajj. I said: "O Messenger of Allah, you can see the severity of the illness which I am experiencing. I have property and none will inherit me except a daughter. Shall I give two thirds of my property in charity?" The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'No.' I said: "Then shall I give one half, O Messenger of Allah?" He said: 'No.' Then I said: "So, (shall I give) one third?" The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "(Give) one third, and one third is too much. Indeed, leaving your heirs rich is better than leaving them poor and begging from people. You never spend anything seeking thereby the pleasure of Allah but that you are rewarded for it, even what you place in the mouth of your wife." I said: "O Messenger of Allah, will I be left here in Makkah after my companions have departed for Madīnah?" He said: "If you are left behind and do good deeds whereby you seek Allah's pleasure, you will be raised a degree and your status will be elevated on account of them. Perhaps you will be left behind so that some people may benefit by you and others may be harmed by you. O Allah, complete for my Companions their Hijrah (immigration to Madīnah), and do not turn them back on their heels. The unfortunate one, however, is Sa‘d ibn Khawlah." The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) felt sorry for him, as he had died at Makkah.
Do not go out to meet the riders (in a trade caravan), do not urge buyers to cancel a sale transaction to make a new one with you, do not bid against each other (to fool another bidder), a townsman must not buy on behalf of a Bedouin, and do not tie up the udders of camels and sheep
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Do not go out to meet the riders (in a trade caravan), do not urge buyers to cancel a sale transaction to make a new one with you, do not bid against each other (to fool another bidder), a townsman must not buy on behalf of a Bedouin, and do not tie up the udders of camels and sheep (so that they appear to have a lot of milk). However, if someone buys them while in this condition and has already milked them, then he has two options: If he is pleased with them, he may keep them, and if he is displeased with them, he may return them along with a Sā‘ of dates.”
The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) made an agreement with the people of Khaybar to work and cultivate in return for half of the fruits or crops produced
‘Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) made an agreement with the people of Khaybar to work and cultivate in return for half of the fruits or crops produced.
When I asked Rāfi‘ ibn Khadīj about leasing land in return for gold and silver, he replied: There is no harm in it
Hanzhalah ibn Qays reported: When I asked Rāfi‘ ibn Khadīj about leasing land in return for gold and silver, he replied: "There is no harm in it. At the time of the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) the people used to lease lands in return for the yield of what grows on the banks of large rivers and beginnings of water streams or the yield of certain parts of the land. Some of the harvest would be affected with blight and some would remain safe. This was the only system the people had for renting lands, and, thus, he forbade it. If the rent is something known and guaranteed, there is no harm in it."
The Messenger of Allah granted concession for the sale of Al-‘Arāyā (unpicked ripe dates for dry dates) when they are equal to or less than five Wasqs
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) granted concession for the sale of Al-‘Arāyā (unpicked ripe dates for dry dates) when they are equal to or less than five Wasqs (a standard measure).
The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) granted concession to the owner of Al-‘Ariyyah (a dates palm) to sell its unpicked fruits for dry dates by estimation
Zayd ibn Thābit (may Allah be pleased with him) reported the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) granted concession to the owner of Al-‘Ariyyah (a dates palm) to sell its unpicked fruits for dry dates by estimation. Another narration by Imām Muslim reads: "...for dry dates by estimation and the new owners might eat their dates fresh."
The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) was asked about the lost and picked up item whether it was of gold or silver, whereupon he said: Remember the description of its container and the string with which it is tied. Make a public announcement of it for one year. If nobody comes and claims it, then utilize the money but keep it as a trust with you. If its owner comes back one day seeking it, then return it to him
Zayd ibn Khālid al-Juhani (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) was asked about the lost and picked up item that is made of gold or silver, whereupon he said: "Remember the description of its container and the string with which it is tied. Make a public announcement of it for one year. If nobody comes and claims it, then utilize the money but keep it as a trust with you. If its owner comes back one day seeking it, then return it to him." Then, he asked him about the lost camel, whereupon the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "It is none of your concern. Leave it, for it has its feet and a water container (reservoir), and it will reach water and eat from the trees until its owner finds it." He then asked him about the lost sheep, whereupon he said: "Take it, for it is either for you, or for your brother, or for the wolf."
The Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) decreed that the lifelong gift is for the one to whom it was given
Jābir ibn ‘Abdullāh (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) decreed that the lifelong gift is for the one to whom it was given. Another narration reads: “Whoever is given a lifelong gift in association with his offspring, it is indeed for him and his offspring. It does not return to the one who gave it, because he gave something that has become part of the inheritance.” Jābir said that the lifelong gift that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) ordained is the gift in which the granter says to the recipient: "This is for you and your offspring." However, if the granter says: "This is for you as long as you live, then it returns to its owner." In another narration reported by Imām Muslim, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Keep your wealth and do not spoil it. For indeed, whoever is given a lifelong gift, then it is for the one to whom it has been given and for his offspring, no matter he is alive or dead."
The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) decreed for partners the right of preemption in property which had not been divided up. However, if the boundaries are demarcated, and the roads are fixed, then there will be no right of preemption
Jābir ibn ‘Abdullāh (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) decreed for partners the right of preemption in property which had not been divided up. However, if the boundaries are demarcated, and the roads are fixed, then there will be no right of preemption."
Walā' is for the one who manumits
‘Ā’ishah bint Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: There were three Sunnahs established in connection with Barīrah: When she was manumitted from slavery, she was given the choice whether to remain with her husband or leave him. She was once given a gift of meat, and the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) came in while the pot of meat was cooking on the fire. He asked for something to eat so he was brought some bread and condiments from the household stock. Thereupon he asked: "Didn't I see a pot of meat cooking on the fire?" They said: "Yes, O Messenger of Allah. That meat was given as charity to Barīrah, and you do not eat from charity." He said: "It is charity to her, and it is a gift from her to us." The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said with regards to her: "Walā' (allegiance/inheritance) is for the one who manumits."
There is no orphanhood after reaching puberty, and there is no silence for the whole day till the night
‘Ali ibn Abi Tālib (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "There is no orphanhood after reaching puberty, and there is no silence for the whole day till the night."
Abu Bakr As-Siddīq (may Allah be pleased with him) entered upon a woman from Ahmas tribe, called Zaynab, and he noticed that she was not speaking
Qays ibn Abi Hāzim reported: Abu Bakr As-Siddīq (may Allah be pleased with him) entered upon a woman from Ahmas tribe, called Zaynab, and he noticed that she was not speaking, he asked: "Why is she not speaking?" They said: "She has intended to perform Hajj without speaking." He said to her: "Speak, for this is unlawful; it is a practice of the pre-Islamic period of ignorance." Thereupon, she spoke.
The faithful and diligent slave will receive a double reward
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The faithful and diligent slave will receive a double reward." Abu Hurayrah added: "By Him in Whose Hand the soul of Abu Hurayrah is, if it wasn’t for Jihad in the cause of Allah, and Hajj, and kindness to my mother, I would prefer to die as a slave."
A man from the Children of Israel asked another to lend him one thousand dinars
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) mentioned that a man from the Children of Israel asked another to lend him one thousand dinars. The man asked him to bring witnesses. The former replied: "Allah is sufficient as witness." The second said: "Bring me a surety." The former replied: "Allah is sufficient as surety." The man said: "You are right," and lent him the money for a certain period. The first man went across the sea. When he finished his job, he searched for a conveyance so that he might reach the other in time for the repayment of the debt, but he could not find any. So he took a piece of wood and made a hole in it, inserted one thousand dinars and a letter to the lender in it, and then firmly closed (i.e. sealed) the hole. He took the piece of wood to the sea and said: "O Allah, You know well that I took a loan of one thousand dinars from so-and-so. He demanded a surety from me, but I told him that Allah's guarantee was sufficient, and he accepted Your guarantee. He then asked for a witness, and I told him that Allah was sufficient as witness, and he accepted You as Witness. No doubt, I tried hard to find a conveyance so that I could give him his money, but I could not find any, so I hand over this money to You." Saying that, he threw the piece of wood into the sea till it went out far into it, and then he went away. Meanwhile, he started searching for a conveyance in order to reach the creditor's country. One day, the lender came out to see whether a ship had arrived bringing his money, when all of a sudden, he saw the piece of wood in which his money had been deposited. He took it home to use it for fire. When he sawed it, he found his money and the letter inside it. Shortly after that, the debtor came, bringing one thousand dinars to him, and he said: "By Allah, I had been trying hard to find a boat so that I could send you your money, but I failed to find one before the one I have come by." The lender asked: "Have you sent something to me?" The debtor replied: "I told you I could not find a boat other than the one I have come by." The lender said: "Allah has delivered the money which you sent in the piece of wood on your behalf. So you may keep your one thousand dinars and depart while being guided on the straight path."
Indeed, Allah has given everyone deserving a right his due right. So, there is no will for an inheritor. The child belongs to the bed, and the adulterer gets the stone. Whoever claims to belong to someone other than his father or (a freed slave) attributes himself to those other than his masters, spurning them, upon him will be the curse of Allah, and no obligatory or supererogatory act of worship will be accepted from him
‘Amr ibn Khārijah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) delivered a sermon upon his she-camel, while I was under the front of her neck, and she was chewing her curd, with her saliva dripping between my shoulders. I heard him say: "Indeed, Allah has given everyone deserving a right his due right. So, there is no will for an inheritor. The child belongs to the bed, and the adulterer gets the stone. Whoever claims to belong to someone other than his father or (a freed slave) attributes himself to those other than his masters, spurning them, upon him will be the curse of Allah, and no obligatory or supererogatory act of worship will be accepted from him."
‘Ā'ishah's story with Ibn Az-Zubayr that involved a separation and a vow
‘Awf ibn Mālik – or ibn al-Hārith – ibn at-Tufayl reported: ‘Ā’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) was told that ‘Abdullāh ibn Az-Zubayr, upon hearing that she was selling or giving something as a gift, said: "By Allah, if ‘Ā’ishah does not give this up, I will declare her incompetent to dispose of her wealth." She asked: "Did he say so?" They replied: ‘Yes.’ So she said: "I vow to Allah that I will never speak to Ibn Az-Zubayr." When this separation had lasted for a long time, Ibn Az-Zubayr sought to intercede with her, but she said: "By Allah, I will not accept the intercession of anyone for him and will not commit a sin by breaking my vow." As this state of affairs continued for long, Ibn Az-Zubayr was concerned and he approached Al-Miswar ibn Makhramah and ‘Abdur-Rahmān ibn al-Aswad ibn ‘Abd Yaghūth and said to them: "I beseech you by Allah to help me to visit ‘Ā’ishah; it is unlawful for her to vow to sever ties with me." Al-Miswar and ‘Abdur-Rahmān took him to ‘Ā’ishah and asked for permission to enter her house, saying: "Peace, mercy, and blessings of Allah be upon you! May we come in?" She said: "Come in." They said: "All of us?" She said: "Yes, come in all of you," unaware that Ibn Az-Zubayr was with them. As they came in, Ibn Az-Zubayr entered the screened place and took hold of ‘Ā’ishah and was weeping and imploring her to forgive him. Al-Miswar and ‘Abdur-Rahmān also were begging her to speak to him and accept his apology. They said: "As you know, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) forbade a Muslim from forsaking his fellow Muslim, and it is unlawful for a Muslim to do so for more than three days." As they continued to remind and press her, she began to weep and say: "I made a vow, and a vow is something grave." They persisted in their appeal until she talked to Ibn Az-Zubayr, and she freed forty slaves in expiation for her vow. Later, whenever she remembered this vow, she would weep profusely, wetting her veil.
I was one of seven sons of Muqarrin, and we had only one female servant. The youngest of us slapped her in the face, so the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) commanded us to set her free
Abu ‘Ali Suwayd ibn Muqarrin (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: I was one of seven sons of Muqarrin, and we had only one female servant. The youngest of us slapped her in the face, so the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) commanded us to set her free. Another narration reads: "I was one of seven siblings."
In prayer, nothing of people's ordinary speech is allowed. Only Tasbīh, Takbīr, and recitation of the Qur'an are allowed
Mu‘āwiyah ibn al-Hakam As-Sulami (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: While I was praying with the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) a man sneezed, so I said: "May Allah have mercy upon you." People looked at me disapprovingly, so I said: "May my mother lose me, why do you stare at me?" They began to strike their thighs with their hands, and when I saw them urging me to be silent I said nothing. When the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) finished the prayer – and may my father and mother be sacrificed for him! I have never seen a mentor before him nor after him who gave better instruction than him. By Allah, he neither scolded me, nor beat me, nor insulted me, rather he said: ‘In prayer, nothing of people's ordinary speech is allowed. Only Tasbīh, Takbīr, and recitation of the Qur'an are allowed." Or he said something similar to that. Then I said: "O Messenger of Allah, I have recently abandoned the beliefs of the pre-Islamic era, and Allah has brought Islam to us, and there are men among us who go to diviners." He said: "Do not go to them." I said: "There are men who believe in omens." He said: "That is something which they find in their hearts, but let it not prevent them (from doing whatever they intend to do) (Ibn As-Sabbāh said: let it not prevent you)." I said: "Among us are men who draw lines." He said: "There was a prophet who used to draw lines, so if their lines are as his, then that will be good." He (Mu‘āwiyah) added: "I had a bondmaid who tended sheep for me by the side of Uhud and Al-Jawwāniyyah. One day, I happened to pass that way and found that a wolf had snatched a ewe from her flock. As a normal human being, I got angry and gave her a slap. Then I came to the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) who considered my act of slapping her grievous, so I said: 'O Messenger of Allah, should I emancipate her?' He said: 'Bring her to me.' So I brought her to him, and he said to her: 'Where is Allah?' She said: 'He is in the heaven.' He said: 'Who am I?' She said: 'You are the Messenger of Allah.' He said: 'Set her free, for she is a believing woman.'"
What made you come, Abu Hidhyam?
Hanzhalah ibn Hidhyam reported that his grandfather Haneefah said to Hidhyam: "Gather my children for me, because I want to leave a testament." When they were gathered, he said: "The first thing I bequeath is that this orphan of mine who is in my custody is entitled to one hundred camels, which were called Al-Mutayyabah (the good favored ones) in pre-Islamic times.'' Hidhyam said: "O my father, I heard your children say: 'We will approve of this during our father's life, but when he dies, we will recant it.'" He said: "So let the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) judge between me and you." Hidhyam said: "We accept that." So Hidhyam, Haneefah, and Hanzhalah along with a young boy who escorted Hidhyam set forth. When they came to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) they greeted him. The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him): "What made you come, Abu Hidhyam?" He replied, having struck Hidhyam on the thigh: "I fear that old age or death will overtake me, so I wanted to make a bequest. I therefore said: 'The first thing I bequeath is that this orphan of mine who is in my custody is entitled to one hundred camels, which were called Al-Mutayyibah in pre-Islamic times.'" The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) became so angry that we saw anger in his face. He was sitting, but he knelt down and said: "No, no, no! A charity should consist of five camels, or else ten, or else fifteen, or else twenty, or else twenty-five, or else thirty, or else thirty-five, or of a maximum of forty." They fared him well, and the orphan had a stick with him with which he was beating a camel. So the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) noted: "That is a too big a stick for an orphan." Hanzhalah said: "My father drew me closer to the Prophet, may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him and said: 'I have sons with beards, and others younger than them, and this one is the youngest. So pray for him.'" Therefore, he wiped his head and said: "May Allah bless you," or: "May he be blessed." Dhayyāl said: "I have seen Hanzhalah, and a man with a swollen face or a beast with a swollen udder would be brought to him. He would spit on his hands and say "Bismillāh" (in the name of Allah); put his hand on his head, where the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) had placed his hand; and then wipe [the affected part] with it." Dhayyāl said: "The tumor would disappear."
‘Īsa the Son of Maryam saw a person stealing. Thereupon, ‘Īsa said to him: Did you steal? He said: No, by the One besides Whom there is no god. So ‘Īsa said: I believed in Allah and disbelieved my eyes
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "‘Īsa the Son of Maryam saw a person stealing. Thereupon, ‘Īsa asked him: 'Did you steal?' He said: 'No, by the One besides Whom there is no god.' So ‘Īsa said: 'I believed in Allah and disbelieved my eyes (what my eyes saw).'
Loyalty is pledged to the one who did the favor
‘Ā’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) bought Barīrah from a household belonging to the Ansār, and they stipulated that they retain the ex-slave's allegiance. The Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Allegiance is pledged to the one who did the favor (of setting the slave free)." The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) also gave Barīrah the choice (either to retain her marriage or break it), as her husband was a slave. She gave some meat to ‘Ā’ishah as a gift, and the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: "I wish you could cook this meat for us." ‘Ā’ishah said: "It was given in charity to Barīrah." He said: "It was charity to her but a gift to us."
Among Allah's slaves, there are some who, if they take an oath by Allah (concerning something), Allah fulfills it
Anas reported that his aunt, Ar-Rubayyi‘, broke the incisor of a girl. The aunt's family requested the girl's relatives for pardon, but they refused, then they proposed a compensation, but they refused. Then they went to the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) and refused everything except retribution. So the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) judged that retribution be applied. Anas ibn An-Nadr said: "O Messenger of Allah, will the incisor of Ar-Rubayyi‘ be broken? No, by the One Who sent you with the Truth, her incisor will not be broken." Therefore, the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O Anas, the prescribed law of Allah is retribution." Thereupon, those people agreed on pardon. Then the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Among Allah's slaves, there are some who, if they take an oath by Allah (concerning something), Allah fulfills it."
The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) would hold horse races and would prefer the stronger horses for the longer distances
Ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) would hold horse races and would prefer the stronger horses for the longer distances.
If anyone gets possession of a relative who is within the prohibited degrees (of marriage), that person becomes free
Samurah reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "If anyone gets possession of a relative who is within the prohibited degrees, that person becomes free."
Safīnah said: I was Umm Salāmah’s slave, and she said: I will free you on condition that you serve the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) for as long as you live
Safīnah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: I was Umm Salāmah’s slave, and she said: "I will free you on condition that you serve the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) for as long as you live." I replied: "Even if you do not make this a condition, I will never desert the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) for as long as I live." She manumitted me pursuant to this condition.
A slave who has entered into an agreement to purchase his freedom remains a slave as long as a dirham of the agreed price remains to be paid
‘Amr ibn Shu‘ayb reported from his father from his grandfather that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "A slave who has entered into an agreement to purchase his freedom remains a slave as long as a dirham of the agreed price remains to be paid."
أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم نهى عن التحلُّق قبل الصلاة يوم الجمعة
عن عبد الله بن عمرو بن العاص أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم نهى عن الشراء والبيع في المسجد، وأن تُنشد فيه ضالَّةٌ، وأن ينشد فيه شعر، ونهى عن التحلُّق قبل الصلاة يوم الجمعة.
الوزن وزن أهل مكة، والمكيال مكيال أهل المدينة
عن ابن عمر قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: "الوزن وزن أهل مكة، والمكيال مكيال أهل المدينة".
ذروها ذميمة
عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَجُلٌ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، إِنَّا كُنَّا فِي دَارٍ كَثِيرٌ فِيهَا عَدَدُنَا، وَكَثِيرٌ فِيهَا أَمْوَالُنَا، فَتَحَوَّلْنَا إِلَى دَارٍ أُخْرَى، فَقَلَّ فِيهَا عَدَدُنَا، وَقَلَّتْ فِيهَا أَمْوَالُنَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «ذَرُوهَا ذَمِيمَةً».
إذا بايعتَ فقل لا خِلَابة
عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا: أَنَّ رَجُلًا ذَكَرَ لِلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهُ يُخْدَعُ فِي البُيُوعِ، فَقَالَ: «إِذَا بَايَعْتَ فَقُلْ: لاَ خِلاَبَةَ».
المسلم أخو المسلم، ولا يحل لمسلم باع من أخيه بيعًا فيه عيبٌ إلا بيَّنه له
عَنْ عُقْبَةَ بْنِ عَامِرٍ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: «الْمُسْلِمُ أَخُو الْمُسْلِمِ، ولَا يَحِلُّ لِمُسْلِمٍ بَاعَ مِنْ أَخِيهِ بَيْعًا فِيهِ عَيْبٌ إِلَّا بَيَّنَهُ لَهُ».
يا معشر التجار، إن البيع يحضره اللغو والحلف، فشوبوه بالصدقة
عَنْ قَيْسِ بْنِ أَبِي غَرَزَةَ قَالَ: كُنَّا فِي عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ نُسَمَّى السَّمَاسِرَةَ، فَمَرَّ بِنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَسَمَّانَا بِاسْمٍ هُوَ أَحْسَنُ مِنْهُ، فَقَالَ: «يَا مَعْشَرَ التُّجَّارِ، إِنَّ الْبَيْعَ يَحْضُرُهُ اللَّغْوُ وَالْحَلْفُ، فَشُوبُوهُ بِالصَّدَقَةِ».
من كانت له أرض فليزرعها أو ليمنحها، فإلم يفعل فليمسك أرضه
عَنْ جَابِرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: كَانُوا يَزْرَعُونَهَا بِالثُّلُثِ وَالرُّبُعِ وَالنِّصْفِ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «مَنْ كَانَتْ لَهُ أَرْضٌ فَلْيَزْرَعْهَا أَوْ لِيَمْنَحْهَا، فَإِلَّمْ يَفْعَلْ فَلْيُمْسِكْ أَرْضَهُ».
أن رجلًا من كِلابٍ سأل النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم عن عَسْب الفحل فنهاه
عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ أَنَّ رَجُلًا مِنْ كِلاَبٍ سَأَلَ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ عَسْبِ الفَحْلِ؟ فَنَهَاهُ، فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، إِنَّا نُطْرِقُ الفَحْلَ فَنُكْرَمُ، فَرَخَّصَ لَهُ فِي الكَرَامَةِ.
لا تمنعوا فضل الماء لتمنعوا به فضل الكلإ
عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ: أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «لاَ تَمْنَعُوا فَضْلَ المَاءِ لِتَمْنَعُوا بِهِ فَضْلَ الكَلَإِ».
مَن شفع لأخيه شفاعةً فأهدى له هديةً عليها فقبلها فقد أتى بابًا عظيمًا من أبواب الربا
عَنْ أَبِي أُمَامَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «مَنْ شَفَعَ لِأَخِيهِ شَفَاعَةً فَأَهْدَى لَهُ هَدِيَّةً عَلَيْهَا فَقَبِلَهَا فَقَدْ أَتَى بَابًا عَظِيمًا مِنْ أَبْوَابِ الرِّبَا».
أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم سئل عن الرقاب أيها أفضل؟
عَنْ عَائِشَةَ زَوْجِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ سُئِلَ عَنِ الرِّقَابِ أَيُّهَا أَفْضَلُ؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «أَغْلَاهَا ثَمَنًا وَأَنْفَسُهَا عِنْدَ أَهْلِهَا».
إن العبد إذا نصح لسيده، وأحسن عبادة الله، فله أجره مرتين
عن ابن عمر رضي الله عنهما مرفوعاً: «إن العبد إذا نصح لسيده، وأحسن عبادة الله، فله أجره مرتين». عن أبي موسى الأشعري رضي الله عنه مرفوعاً: «المملوك الذي يحسن عبادة ربه، ويُؤدي إلى سيده الذي عليه من الحق، والنصيحة، والطاعة، له أجران».
إن الله ينهاكم أن تحلفوا بآبائكم
«إنَّ الله يَنْهَاكُمْ أَن تَحْلِفُوا بِآبَائِكم». وَلمسلم: «فَمَن كان حَالِفا فَلْيَحْلِف بِالله أو لِيَصْمُت». وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ قَالَ عُمَرُ -رضي الله عنه- قال: «فَوَالله ما حَلَفْتُ بِهَا منذ سَمِعْت رَسُولَ الله يَنْهَى عَنْهَا، ذَاكراً وَلا آثِراً».
Whoever seizes the right of a Muslim person by his oath, Allah will condemn him to Hellfire and will make Paradise forbidden for him." A man said to him: Even if it is something insignificant, O Messenger of Allah? He said: "Even if it is a twig of Arāk
Abu ’Umāmah Iyās ibn Tha‘labah al-Hārithi (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever seizes the right of a Muslim person by his oath, Allah will condemn him to Hellfire and will make Paradise forbidden for him." A man said to him: Even if it is something insignificant, O Messenger of Allah? He said: "Even if it is a twig of Arāk."
By Allah, he does not believe. By Allah, he does not believe. By Allah, he does not believe." It was said: Who, O Messenger of Allah? He said: "The one whose neighbor is not safe from his evils
Abu Shurayh (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "By Allah, he does not believe. By Allah, he does not believe. By Allah, he does not believe." It was said: Who, O Messenger of Allah? He said: "The one whose neighbor is not safe from his evils."
Gold for gold, silver for silver, wheat for wheat, barley for barley, dates for dates, and salt for salt, like for like, equal for equal, hand to hand. If these classes differ, sell as you wish if it is hand to hand
‘Ubādah ibn as-Sāmit (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Gold for gold, silver for silver, wheat for wheat, barley for barley, dates for dates, and salt for salt, like for like, equal for equal, hand to hand. If these classes differ, sell as you wish if it is hand to hand."