Fasting
107 hadiths
Islam is built on five
Abu ‘Abdur-Rahmān ‘Abdullah ibn ‘Umar ibn al-Khattāb (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say: "Islam is built on five: testifying that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is His slave and Messenger, establishing prayer, giving Zakah, performing Hajj to the (Sacred) House, and fasting Ramadān."
If I were to pray the obligatory prayers, fast Ramadan, adopt the lawful, as lawful and adopt the unlawful as unlawful
Abu ‘Abdullah Jābir ibn ‘Abdullah al-Ansāri (may Allah be pleased with him and his father) reported: A man asked the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and said: If I were to pray the obligatory prayers, fast Ramadan, adopt the lawful, as lawful and adopt the unlawful as unlawful, and do not do anything else beyond that, will I enter Paradise? He said: "Yes."
Whoever fasts Ramadan, out of faith and in pursuit of reward, his past sins will be forgiven
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever fasts Ramadan, out of faith and in pursuit of reward, his past sins will be forgiven."
Whoever performs Qiyām (night prayer) in the Night of Decree, out of faith and in pursuit of reward, his past sins will be forgiven
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever performs Qiyām (night prayer) in the Night of Decree, out of faith and in pursuit of reward, his past sins will be forgiven."
Islam is built on five
‘Abdullah ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him and his father) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Islam is built on five: testifying that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is His slave and Messenger, establishing prayer, giving Zakah, performing Hajj to the (Sacred) House, and fasting Ramadān."
The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) used to observe I‘tikāf [spiritual retirement in the mosque] during each Ramadan for ten days. The year in which he died, he observed I‘tikāf for twenty days.
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) used to observe I‘tikāf during each Ramadan for ten days. The year in which he died, he observed I‘tikāf for twenty days.
Allah said: All the deeds of the son of Adam are for himself except for fasting, as it is, indeed, for Me, and I give reward for it
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Allah said: All the deeds of the son of Adam are for himself except for fasting, as it is, indeed, for Me, and I give reward for it. Fasting is a shield. When it is the day when any of you is fasting, let him not engage in obscenity, and let him not speak in a loud voice. If anyone insults him or fights with him, let him say: Verily, I am a fasting person. By the One in Whose Hand the soul of Muhammad is, the smell of the mouth of the fasting person is more pleasant in the sight of Allah than the smell of musk. The fasting person will rejoice twice: when he breaks his fast, he rejoices, and when he meets his Lord, he rejoices at his fast."
The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) used to strive during the last ten more than he would strive at any other time
‘Ā’ishah, Mother of the Believers, (may Allah be pleased with her) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) used to strive during the last ten more than he would strive at any other time.
None of you should fast on Friday, unless he fasts a day before it or a day after it
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: I heard the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) say: "None of you should fast on Friday, unless he fasts a day before it or a day after it."
A man asked the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) about fasting while traveling. He answered: If you wish then fast, and if you wish then do not fast
‘Ā'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported: Hamzah ibn ‘Amr al-Aslami asked the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him): "Should I fast while traveling?" - and he used to fast often - He answered: "If you wish then fast, and if you wish then do not fast."
The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) would sometimes get up at the time of Fajr while in a state of Janābah after having sexual intercourse with his wives, then he would take a ritual bath and fast
‘Ā'ishah and Umm Salāmah (may Allah be pleased with both of them) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) would sometimes get up at the time of Fajr while in a state of Janābah after having sexual intercourse with his wives, then he would take a ritual bath and fast.
The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) forbade fasting the two days: Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Ad'ha; wearing a garment that is void of openings for hands; sitting on one’s buttocks while holding his both legs pulled back with his arms in case he wore only one garment; and praying after the Fajr and ‘Asr prayers
Abu Sa‘īd al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) forbade fasting the two days: Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Ad'ha; wearing a garment that is void of openings for hands; sitting on one’s buttocks while holding his both legs pulled back with his arms in case he wore only one garment; and praying after the Fajr and ‘Asr prayers.
My close friend (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) advised me with three: fasting three days of every month, the two Rak‘ahs of Duha, and performing Witr before I sleep
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: My close friend (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) advised me with three: fasting three days of every month, the two Rak‘ahs of Duha, and performing Witr before I sleep."
When the night approaches from this side, and the day retreats from that side, then it is time for the fasting person to break his fast
‘Umar ibn al-Khattāb (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: "When the night approaches from this side, and the day retreats from that side, then it is time for the fasting person to break his fast."
O Messenger of Allah, I had vowed, before embracing Islam, to make I‘tikāf for one night – another narration reads: for one day – the Sacred Mosque. He said: Then fulfill your vow.
‘Umar ibn al-Khattāb (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: "I said: "O Messenger of Allah, I had vowed, before embracing Islam, to make I‘tikāf for one night – another narration reads: for one day – the Sacred Mosque." He said: "Then fulfill your vow."
Fast when you see it, and break the fast when you see it, but if the sky is overcast and you cannot see it, then act on estimation
Ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him and his father) reported: I heard the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) say: "Fast when you see it, and break the fast when you see it, but if the sky is overcast and you cannot see it, then act on estimation."
Those who can afford marriage should marry, for it is more effective in lowering the gaze and guarding chastity. He who cannot afford it should fast, for indeed it serves as a restraint for him
‘Abdullāh ibn Mas‘ūd (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: We were in the company of the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him), and he said: "Those who can afford marriage should marry, for it is more effective in lowering the gaze and guarding chastity. He who cannot afford it should fast, for indeed it serves as a restraint for him."
The difference between our fasting and the fasting of the People of the Book is the Suhūr meal
‘Amr ibn al-‘Ās (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The difference between our fasting and the fasting of the People of the Book is the Suhūr meal."
The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) was the most generous of people, and he used to be more generous than ever in Ramadan when Gabriel (Jibrīl) would meet him
Ibn ‘Abbās (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) was the most generous of people, and he used to be more generous than ever in Ramadan when Gabriel (Jibrīl) would meet him. He used to meet him every night during Ramadan to revise the Qur'an with him. Indeed, the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) was more generous than the fast wind.
The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) would not fast in any month more than he did in Sha‘bān
‘Ā’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported: The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) would not fast in any month more than he did in Sha‘bān. He used to fast the whole of Sha‘bān. In another narration: “He used to fast the whole of Sha‘bān except for a few days.”
If I were to live till the next year, I would definitely fast the ninth day
‘Abdullāh ibn ‘Abbās (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: "If I were to live till next year, I would definitely fast the ninth day."
He who feeds a fasting person will earn the same reward as him
Zayd ibn Khālid al-Juhani (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "He who feeds a fasting person will earn the same reward as him (the fasting person), without diminishing anything from the reward of the fasting person.”
The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) fasted on the Day of ‘Āshūrā'
Ibn ‘Abbās (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) fasted on the Day of ‘Āshūrā', and ordered Muslims to fast on it.
I am Dimām ibn Tha‘labah, from the brothers of Banu Sa‘d ibn Bakr
Anas ibn Mālik (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: While we were sitting with the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) in the mosque, a man came riding on a camel. He made his camel kneel in the mosque, tied its foreleg, and said: "Who amongst you is Muhammad?" At that time, the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) was sitting amongst us, leaning on his arm. We replied: "This white man reclining on his arm." The man then addressed him: "O son of ‘Abdul-Muttalib!" The Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: "I am here to answer you." The man said to the Prophet: "I want to ask you something and will be hard in questioning. So do not get angry." The Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Ask whatever you want." The man said: "I ask you by your Lord, and the Lord of those who came before you. Has Allah sent you as a messenger to all mankind?" The Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) replied: "By Allah, yes." The man further said: "I ask you by Allah. Has Allah ordered you to offer five prayers in a day and night?" He replied: "By Allah, yes." The man further said: "I ask you by Allah. Has Allah ordered you to observe fasts during this month of the year?" He replied: "By Allah, yes." The man said: "I ask you by Allah. Has Allah ordered you to take this charity from our rich people and distribute it amongst our poor people?" The Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) replied: "By Allah, yes." Thereupon, that man said: "I have believed in all that you have been sent with, and I have been sent by my people as a messenger. I am Dimām ibn Tha‘labah, from the brothers of Banu Sa‘d ibn Bakr."
كان النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم يعتكف في العشر الأواخر من رمضان، فلم يعتكف عامًا، فلما كان في العام المقبل اعتكف عشرين
عن أنس بن مالك قال: كان النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم يعتكف في العشر الأواخر من رمضان، فلم يعتكف عامًا، فلما كان في العام المقبل اعتكف عشرين.
من صام رمضان ثم أتبعه ستًّا من شوال كان كصيام الدهر
عن أبي أيوب الأنصاري رضي الله عنه أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: «من صام رمضان ثم أتبعه ستًّا من شوال كان كصيام الدهر».
أنا أولى بموسى منهم
عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَمَّا قَدِمَ الْمَدِينَةَ وَجَدَهُمْ يَصُومُونَ يَوْمًا، يَعْنِي عَاشُورَاءَ، فَقَالُوا: هَذَا يَوْمٌ عَظِيمٌ، وَهُوَ يَوْمٌ نَجَّى اللهُ فِيهِ مُوسَى، وَأَغْرَقَ آلَ فِرْعَوْنَ، فَصَامَ مُوسَى شُكْرًا لِلهِ، فَقَالَ: «أَنَا أَوْلَى بِمُوسَى مِنْهُمْ»، فَصَامَهُ وَأَمَرَ بِصِيَامِهِ.
Bilāl calls the Adhān at night; so, eat and drink until you hear the Adhān called by Ibn Umm Maktūm
‘Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Bilāl calls the Adhān at night; so, eat and drink until you hear the Adhān called by Ibn Umm Maktūm."
I asked ‘Ā’ishah: Why does the menstruating woman make up for her missed fasts but does not make up for the missed prayers?
Mu‘ādhah reported: I asked ‘Ā’ishah: Why does the menstruating woman make up for her missed fasts but does not make up for the missed prayers? She said: Are you a Harūriyyah woman? I said: I am not a Harūriyyah woman, but I am just asking. She said: That would happen to us, so we were ordered to make up for the fasts, but were not ordered to make up for the prayers.
There is a gate in Paradise called Ar-Rayyān through which those who fast will enter on the Day of Judgment. No one else will enter through it
Sahl (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "There is a gate in Paradise called Ar-Rayyān through which those who fast will enter on the Day of Judgment. No one else will enter through it. It will be called out: Where are those who fast? They will stand up. No one else will enter through it. Once they have entered, it will be closed, and no one will enter through it."
The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) used to leave fasting in a certain month until we would think that he has not fasted at all that month; and he used to fast in another month so much that we would think he has not stopped fasting at all in that month. If one wished to see him praying at night, one could see him (in that state), and if one wished to see him sleeping at night, one could see him (in that state) too
Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) used to leave fasting in a certain month until we would think that he has not fasted at all that month; and he used to fast in another month so much that we would think he has not stopped fasting at all in that month. If one wished to see him praying at night, one could see him (in that state), and if one wished to see him sleeping at night, one could see him (in that state) too.
Those who were not fasting today have taken all the reward
Anas ibn Mālik (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: We were with the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) on a journey, and some of us were fasting and others were not. We stopped to rest in some place on a hot day. The one who had the largest share of shade among us was the one who had a garment. Some of us would shade themselves against the sun using their own hands. Those who were fasting fell to the ground, but those who were not fasting got up to pitch the tents and water the animals. Thereupon, the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Those who were not fasting today have taken all the reward."
Whoever was in I‘tikāf with me should stay in I‘tikāf the last ten; for I was informed of that night, but I was then made to forget it. I saw myself prostrating in water and mud in its morning. So, seek it in the last ten
Abu Sa‘īd al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) used to observe I‘tikāf during the ten middle days of Ramadan. One year, while he was in I‘tikāf on the night of the twenty-first on the morning of which he would come out of I‘tikāf, he said: "Whoever was in I‘tikāf with me should stay in I‘tikāf the last ten; for I was informed of that night, but I was then made to forget it. I saw myself prostrating in water and mud in its morning. So, seek it in the last ten, and seek it in each of the odd [nights]." That night, it rained, and [the roof of] the mosque dribbled as it was made of leaf stalks of date-palms. I saw with my own eyes the signs of water and mud on the forehead of the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) in the morning of the twenty-first (night).
It is not from righteousness to fast while traveling
Jābir ibn ‘Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) was on a journey and saw a crowd of people, and a man was being shaded (by them). He asked: "What is the matter with that (man)?" They said: He is fasting. Thereupon, he said: "It is not from righteousness to fast while traveling." In another version by Muslim, he said: "Take advantage of the concession that Allah has granted you."
We set out during the month of Ramadan with the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) in such intense heat that one of us would place his hand over his head (to protect himself) against the excessive heat, and none of us was fasting except the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) and ‘Abdullāh ibn Rawahah
Abu Ad-Dardā' (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: We set out during the month of Ramadan with the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) in such intense heat that one of us would place his hand over his head (to protect himself) against the excessive heat, and none of us was fasting except the Messenger of Allah and ‘Abdullāh ibn Rawahah."
The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) prohibited Wisāl (continuous fasting for two days). So they said to him: But you practice Wisāl! He said: I am not like you. I am provided with food and drink (by my Lord)
‘Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) prohibited Wisāl (continuous fasting for two days). So they said to him: "But you practice Wisāl!" He said: "I am not like you. I am provided with food and drink (by my Lord)." The narration reported by Abu Sa‘īd al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) reads: "... so whoever of you wishes to practice Wisāl, let him do so until the pre-dawn time.”
Did the Messenger (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) prohibit the fasting of Friday? He said: Yes
Muhammad ibn ‘Abbād ibn Ja‘far reported: I asked Jābir ibn ‘Abdullāh: "Did the Messenger (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) prohibit the fasting of Friday?" He said: 'Yes.' In another version: "By the Lord of the Ka‘bah!"
Whoever dies while still having some fasts to make up for, his heir should fast on his behalf
‘Ā'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever dies while still having some fasts to make up for, his heir should fast on his behalf."
O Messenger of Allah, my mother has died in a state that she had to observe the fast of a month. Should I complete it on her behalf? Thereupon he said: Would you not pay the debt if your mother had died without paying it? He said: Yes. He said: The debt of Allah is more worthy of being repaid
‘Abdullāh ibn ‘Abbās (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that a man came to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) and said: "O Messenger of Allah, my mother has died in a state that she had to observe the fast of a month. Should I complete it on her behalf?" Thereupon he said: "Would you not pay the debt if your mother had died without paying it?" He said: 'Yes.' He said: "The debt of Allah is more worthy of being repaid." Another narration states that a woman came to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) and said: "O Messenger of Allah, my mother passed away and she took an oath to fast, should I fast on her behalf?" He said: "Tell me, if there was a debt due on your mother and you settled it, would it be enough?" She replied: 'Yes.' He said: "So, fast on behalf of your mother."
The best (voluntary) fast in the sight of Allah is the fast of Dawūd, and the best (voluntary) prayer in the sight of Allah is the prayer of Dawūd. He used to sleep half of the night, stand to pray one third of it, and then sleep one sixth of it, and he used to fast every other day
‘Abdullāh ibn ‘Amr ibn al-‘Ās (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The best (voluntary) fast in the sight of Allah is the fast of Dawūd, and the best (voluntary) prayer in the sight of Allah is the prayer of Dawūd. He used to sleep half of the night, stand to pray one third of it, and then sleep one sixth of it, and he used to fast every other day."
There is no fasting superior to the fast of my brother Dawūd; fasting half of one's life by fasting one day and eating one day
‘Abdullāh ibn ‘Amr ibn al-‘Ās (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) was told that I had said: "By Allah, I will fast every day and pray every night for as long as I live." The Messenger (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) asked me: "Are you the one who said that?" I said: "Yes, I said it; by my father, you and my mother." He said: "You would not be able to do that. So fast and break your fast, pray and sleep. Fast for three days a month. The reward of a good deed is multiplied by ten, so the fasting of three days a month equals the fasting of a year." I said: "I can do (fast) more than this." He said: "Fast one day every three days." I said: "I can do more than that." He said: "Fast every other day; this was the fasting of Dawūd and the best form of fasting." I said: "I can do better than that." He said: "There is nothing better than that." In another narration, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "There is no fasting superior to the fast of my brother Dawūd; fasting half of one's life by fasting one day and eating one day."
Two of the Companions of Muhammad (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) who never stop to pursue the good
Abu ‘Atiyyah reported: I and Masrūq went to ‘Ā’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) and Masrūq said to her: "There are two of the Companions of Muhammad (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) who never stop to pursue the good; but one of them hastens to perform the Maghrib prayer and break the fast, while the other delays the Maghrib prayer and breaking the fast." She said: "Who hastens to perform the Maghrib prayer and break the fast?" He said: '‘Abdullāh', meaning: Ibn Mas‘ūd. She said: "This is what the Messenger of Allah used to do."
The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) used to strive to fast on Mondays and Thursdays
‘Ā’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) used to strive to fast on Mondays and Thursdays.
The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) used to break his fast before praying by having three fresh dates
Anas ibn Mālik (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) used to break his fast before praying by having three fresh dates. If there were no fresh dates, he would have dried dates; and if there were no dried dates, he would drink a few sips of water.
Whoever fasts one day in the cause of Allah, Allah shall put between him and Hellfire a trench as wide as the distance between the heavens and the earth
Abu Umāmah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever fasts one day in the cause of Allah, Allah shall put between him and Hellfire a trench as wide as the distance between the heavens and the earth."
If you fast three days of the month, then fast the thirteenth, fourteenth and fifteenth
Abu Dharr (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: "If you fast three days of the month, then fast the thirteenth, fourteenth and fifteenth." Qatādah ibn Milhān (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) used to order us to fast the White Days: the thirteenth, fourteenth and fifteenth (of every lunar month)." Ibn ‘Abbās (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) never broke his fast on the White Days, whether he was a resident or a traveler.”
Did the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) fast three days of each month?
Mu‘ādhah al-‘Adawiyah reported that she asked ‘Ā’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her): “Did the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) fast three days of each month?” ‘Ā’ishah replied: 'Yes.' Mu‘ādhah asked: “In which part of the month did he fast?” ‘Ā’ishah replied: “It did not matter to him in which part of the month he fasted.”
كان يعرض على النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم القرآن كل عام مرة
عن أبي هريرة، قال: كان يعرض على النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم القرآن كل عام مرة، فعرض عليه مرتين في العام الذي قبض فيه، وكان يعتكف كل عام عشرا، فاعتكف عشرين في العام الذي قبض فيه.
من مراحل فرضية الصيام
عن البراء رضي الله عنه قال: "كان أصحاب محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم إذا كان الرجل صائمًا فحضر الإفطار فنام قبل أن يفطر لم يأكل ليلته ولا يومه حتى يمسي، وإن قيس بن صِرْمة الأنصاري كان صائمًا، فلما حضر الإفطار أتى امرأته، فقال لها: أعندك طعام؟ قالت: لا، ولكن أنطلق فأطلب لك. وكان يومه يعمل، فغلبته عيناه، فجاءته امرأته، فلما رأته قالت: خيبة لك. فلما انتصف النهار غشي عليه، فذُكر ذلك للنبي صلى الله عليه وسلم فنزلت هذه الآية: {أحل لكم ليلة الصيام الرفث إلى نسائكم} [البقرة: 187] ففرحوا بها فرحًا شديدًا، ونزلت: {وكلوا واشربوا حتى يتبين لكم الخيط الأبيض من الخيط الأسود} [البقرة: 187]".
كان الناس إذا صلوا العتمة حرم عليهم الطعام والشراب والنساء وصاموا إلى القابلة
عن ابن عباس {يا أيها الذين آمنوا كتب عليكم الصيام كما كتب على الذين من قبلكم} [البقرة: 183] فكان الناس على عهد النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم إذا صلوا العتمة حرم عليهم الطعام والشراب والنساء، وصاموا إلى القابلة، فاختان رجل نفسه، فجامع امرأته وقد صلى العشاء ولم يفطر، فأراد الله عز وجل أن يجعل ذلك يسرًا لمن بقي ورخصة ومنفعة، فقال سبحانه: {علم الله أنكم كنتم تختانون أنفسكم} الآيه [البقرة: 187]. وكان هذا مما نفع الله به الناس، ورخص لهم ويسر.
كانت عائشة تُرَجِّل رأس رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم وهي حائض
عن عائشة أنها كانت تُرَجِّل -تعني رأس رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم- وهي حائض، ورسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم حينئذ مجاور في المسجد، يدني لها رأسه، وهي في حجرتها، فتُرَجِّله وهي حائض.
إذا دخل رمضان فُتِحت أبواب الجنة وغُلِّقت أبواب جهنم وسُلْسِلَت الشياطين
عن أبي هريرة رضي الله عنه قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: «إذا دخل رمضان فُتِحت أبواب الجنة وغُلِّقت أبواب جهنم وسُلْسِلَت الشياطين»، وفي رواية للبخاري: «أبواب السماء»، وفي رواية لمسلم: «أبواب الرحمة».
صوموا لرؤيته وأفطروا لرؤيته، فإن غبي عليكم فأكملوا عدة شعبان ثلاثين
عن أبي هريرة رضي الله عنه قال: قال النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم أو قال: قال أبو القاسم صلى الله عليه وسلم: «صوموا لرؤيته وأفطروا لرؤيته، فإن غبي عليكم فأكملوا عدة شعبان ثلاثين».
اختلف الناس في آخر يوم من رمضان
عن ربعى بن حراش عن رجل من أصحاب النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: اختلف الناس في آخر يوم من رمضان، فقدم أعرابيان فشهدا عند النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم بالله لَأهلَّا الهلال أمس عشية، فأمر رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم الناس أن يفطروا. زاد خلف أحد شيخي أبي داود في حديثه: وأن يغدوا إلى مصلاهم.
لا نزال نصوم حتى نكمل ثلاثين أو نراه
عن كُريب أن أم الفضل بنت الحارث بعثته إلى معاوية بالشام، قال: فقدمت الشام، فقضيت حاجتها، واستهل علي رمضان وأنا بالشام، فرأيت الهلال ليلة الجمعة، ثم قدمت المدينة في آخر الشهر، فسألني عبد الله بن عباس رضي الله عنهما، ثم ذكر الهلال فقال: متى رأيتم الهلال؟ فقلت: رأيناه ليلة الجمعة، فقال: أنت رأيته؟ فقلت: نعم، ورآه الناس، وصاموا وصام معاوية. فقال: لكنا رأيناه ليلة السبت، فلا نزال نصوم حتى نكمل ثلاثين أو نراه. فقلت: أو لا تكتفي برؤية معاوية وصيامه؟ فقال: لا، هكذا أمرنا رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم.
شهران لا ينقصان، شهرا عيد: رمضان وذو الحجة
عن أبي بكرة عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: "شهران لا ينقصان، شهرا عيد: رمضان، وذو الحجة".
لا تزال أمتي على سنتي ما لم تنتظر بفطرها النجوم
عن سهل بن سعد قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: "لا تزال أمتي على سنتي ما لم تنتظر بفطرها النجوم"، قال: وكان النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم إذا كان صائمًا أمر رجلًا، فأوفى على شيء، فإذا قال: غابت الشمس أفطر.
من أفطر في رمضان ناسيًا فلا قضاء عليه ولا كفارة
عن أبي هريرة أن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: «من أفطر في رمضان ناسيا فلا قضاء عليه ولا كفارة».
حديث المجامع في نهار رمضان
عن أبي هريرة رضي الله عنه قال: بينما نحن جلوس عند النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم إذ جاءه رجل، فقال: يا رسول الله هلكت. قال: «ما لك؟» قال: وقعت على امرأتي وأنا صائم. فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: «هل تجد رقبة تعتقها؟» قال: لا. قال: «فهل تستطيع أن تصوم شهرين متتابعين؟»، قال: لا. فقال: «فهل تجد إطعام ستين مسكينًا.». قال: لا. قال: فمكث النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم، فبينا نحن على ذلك أتي النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم بعَرَق فيها تمر -والعَرَق المكتل- قال: «أين السائل؟» فقال: أنا. قال: «خذها، فتصدق به» فقال الرجل: أعلى أفقر مني يا رسول الله؟ فوالله ما بين لابتيها -يريد الحرتين- أهل بيت أفقر من أهل بيتي. فضحك النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم حتى بدت أنيابه، ثم قال: «أطعمه أهلك».
كان يكون علي الصوم من رمضان، فما أستطيع أن أقضي إلا في شعبان
عن عائشة رضي الله عنها قالت: كان يكون علي الصوم من رمضان، فما أستطيع أن أقضي إلا في شعبان، الشغل من النبي أو بالنبي صلى الله عليه وسلم.
أفطرنا على عهد النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم يوم غيم ثم طلعت الشمس
عن هشام بن عروة عن فاطمة عن أسماء بنت أبي بكر الصديق رضي الله عنهما قالت: أفطرنا على عهد النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم يوم غيم، ثم طلعت الشمس. قيل لهشام: فأمروا بالقضاء؟ قال: لا بد من قضاء. وقال معمر: سمعت هشاما لا أدري أقضوا أم لا.
قد صام رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم وأفطر، فمن شاء صام ومن شاء أفطر
عن ابن عباس رضي الله عنهما قال: خرج رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم من المدينة إلى مكة، فصام حتى بلغ عُسْفان، ثم دعا بماءٍ فرفعه إلى يديه؛ ليريه الناس، فأفطر حتى قدم مكة، وذلك في رمضان، فكان ابن عباس يقول: قد صام رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم وأفطر، فمن شاء صام ومن شاء أفطر.
كنا نسافر مع النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم فلم يَعِبْ الصائم على المفطر، ولا المفطر على الصائم
عن أنس بن مالك قال: كنا نسافر مع النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم فلم يَعِبْ الصائم على المفطر، ولا المفطر على الصائم.
من لم يُجْمِع الصيام قبل الفجر فلا صيام له
عن حفصة زوج النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: "من لم يُجْمِع الصيام قبل الفجر فلا صيام له".
من صام هذا اليوم فقد عصى أبا القاسم صلى الله عليه وسلم
عن صِلَة بن زُفَر، قال: كنا عند عمار في اليوم الذي يشك فيه، فأتي بشاة، فتنحى بعض القوم، فقال عمار: من صام هذا اليوم فقد عصى أبا القاسم صلى الله عليه وسلم.
فطركم يوم تفطرون وأضحاكم يوم تضحون
عن أبي هريرة ذكر النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم فيه قال: "وفطركم يوم تفطرون، وأضحاكم يوم تضحون، وكل عرفة موقف، وكل منى منحر، وكل فجاج مكة منحر، وكل جمع موقف".
كان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم إذا أفطر قال: ذهب الظمأ وابتلت العروق وثبت الأجر إن شاء الله
عن ابن عمر قال: كان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم إذا أفطر قال: "ذهب الظمأُ، وابتلت العروق، وثبت الأجر إن شاء الله".
من قام رمضان إيمانًا واحتسابًا غفر له ما تقدم من ذنبه
عن أبي هريرة أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: «من قام رمضان إيمانًا واحتسابًا غفر له ما تقدم من ذنبه».
آلبر تردن؟
عن عائشة رضي الله عنها قالت: كان النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم يعتكف في العشر الأواخر من رمضان، فكنت أضرب له خِباءً، فيصلي الصبح ثم يدخله، فاستأذنت حفصة عائشة أن تضرب خباء، فأذنت لها، فضربت خباء، فلما رأته زينب ابنة جحش ضربت خباء آخر، فلما أصبح النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم رأى الأخبية، فقال: «ما هذا؟» فأُخبِر، فقال النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم: «ألبِرَّ ترون بهن؟» فترك الاعتكاف ذلك الشهر، ثم اعتكف عشرًا من شوال. وفي رواية: «آلبر تُرِدْنَ؟».
اعتكفتْ مع رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم امرأةٌ من أزواجه مستحاضة
عن عائشة رضي الله عنها قالت: اعتكفتْ مع رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم امرأةٌ من أزواجه مستحاضة، فكانت ترى الحُمرة والصُّفرة، فربما وضعنا الطِّسْت تحتها وهي تصلي.
وما رأيته أكثر صيامًا منه في شعبان
عن عائشة رضي الله عنها قالت: كان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يصوم حتى نقول: لا يفطر، ويفطر حتى نقول: لا يصوم، فما رأيت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم استكمل صيام شهر إلا رمضان، وما رأيته أكثر صيامًا منه في شعبان.
لم يُرخَّص في أيام التشريق أن يصمن، إلا لمن لم يجد الهدي
عن عائشة وعن ابن عمر رضي الله عنهم قالا: لم يُرخَّص في أيام التشريق أن يصمن، إلا لمن لم يجد الهدي.
أيام التشريق أيام أكل وشرب
عن نُبَيشة الهُذَلي قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: «أيام التشريق أيام أكل وشرب».
لا صام ولا أفطر
عن عمران بن حُصين قال: قيل: يا رسول الله، إن فلانًا لا يفطر نهارًا الدهرَ. قال: «لا صام ولا أفطر».
أن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم دخل على جويرية يوم الجمعة وهي صائمة
عن جُوَيرِيَة بنت الحارث رضي الله عنها أن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم دخل عليها يوم الجمعة وهي صائمة، فقال: «أصمتِ أمس؟» قالت: لا. قال: «تريدين أن تصومي غدًا؟» قالت: لا. قال: «فأفطري».
إذا كان العام المقبل إن شاء الله صمنا اليوم التاسع
عن عبد الله بن عباس رضي الله عنهما قال: حين صام رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يوم عاشوراء وأمر بصيامه قالوا: يا رسول الله إنه يومٌ تُعظِّمه اليهود والنصارى، فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: «فإذا كان العام المقبل إن شاء الله صمنا اليوم التاسع» قال: فلم يأت العام المقبل حتى توفي رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم.
أَرِينيه فلقد أصبحت صائمًا
عن أم المؤمنين عائشة رضي الله عنها قالت: دخل علي النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم ذات يوم فقال: «هل عندكم شيء؟» فقلنا: لا. قال: «فإني إذن صائم» ثم أتانا يومًا آخر فقلنا: يا رسول الله، أهدي لنا حيس. فقال: «أَرِينيه، فلقد أصبحت صائمًا» فأكل.
إذا دعي أحدكم إلى طعام وهو صائم فليقل: إني صائم
عن أبي هريرة رضي الله عنه عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: (إذا دعي أحدكم إلى طعام وهو صائم فليقل: إني صائم).
أن ناسًا اختلفوا عندها يوم عرفة في صوم النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم
عن أم الفضل بنت الحارث أن ناسًا اختلفوا عندها يوم عرفة في صوم النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم فقال بعضهم: هو صائم، وقال بعضهم: ليس بصائم، فأرسلتْ إليه بقَدَحِ لبنٍ وهو واقف على بعيره، فشربه.
إنما يؤخذ من أمر رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم الآخِر فالآخِر
عن ابن عباس رضي الله عنهما أن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم خرج في رمضان من المدينة ومعه عشرة آلاف، وذلك على رأس ثمانِ سنينَ ونصفٍ من مَقْدَمه المدينة، فسار هو ومَن معه مِن المسلمين إلى مكة، يصوم ويصومون، حتى بلغ الكَدِيدَ، وهو ماءٌ بين عُسْفانَ وقُدَيدٍ أفطر وأفطروا، قال الزهري: وإنما يؤخذ من أمر رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم الآخِر فالآخِر.
أن ركبًا جاؤوا إلى النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم يشهدون أنهم رأوا الهلال بالأمس
عَنْ أَبِي عُمَيْرِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ عَنْ عُمُومَةٍ لَهُ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّ رَكْبًا جَاؤٌوا إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَشْهَدُونَ أَنَّهُمْ رَأَوُا الْهِلَالَ بِالْأَمْسِ، فَأَمَرَهُمْ أَنْ يُفْطِرُوا، وَإِذَا أَصْبَحُوا أَنْ يَغْدُوا إِلَى مُصَلَّاهُمْ.
صيام يوم عرفة أحتسب على الله أن يكفر السنة التي قبله والسنة التي بعده
عَنْ أَبِي قَتَادَةَ أَنَّ رَجُلًا أَتَى النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقَالَ: كَيْفَ تَصُومُ؟ فَغَضِبَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَلَمَّا رَأَى عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ غَضَبَهُ، قَالَ: رَضِينَا بِاللهِ رَبًّا، وَبِالْإِسْلَامِ دِينًا، وَبِمُحَمَّدٍ نَبِيًّا، نَعُوذُ بِاللهِ مِنْ غَضَبِ اللهِ وَغَضَبِ رَسُولِهِ، فَجَعَلَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ يُرَدِّدُ هَذَا الْكَلَامَ حَتَّى سَكَنَ غَضَبُهُ، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، كَيْفَ بِمَنْ يَصُومُ الدَّهْرَ كُلَّهُ؟ قَالَ: «لَا صَامَ وَلَا أَفْطَرَ» -أَوْ قَالَ «لَمْ يَصُمْ وَلَمْ يُفْطِرْ»- قَالَ: كَيْفَ مَنْ يَصُومُ يَوْمَيْنِ وَيُفْطِرُ يَوْمًا؟ قَالَ: «وَيُطِيقُ ذَلِكَ أَحَدٌ؟» قَالَ: كَيْفَ مَنْ يَصُومُ يَوْمًا وَيُفْطِرُ يَوْمًا؟ قَالَ: «ذَاكَ صَوْمُ دَاوُدَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَام» قَالَ: كَيْفَ مَنْ يَصُومُ يَوْمًا وَيُفْطِرُ يَوْمَيْنِ؟ قَالَ: «وَدِدْتُ أَنِّي طُوِّقْتُ ذَلِكَ» ثُمَّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «ثَلَاثٌ مِنْ كُلِّ شَهْرٍ، وَرَمَضَانُ إِلَى رَمَضَانَ، فَهَذَا صِيَامُ الدَّهْرِ كُلِّهِ، صِيَامُ يَوْمِ عَرَفَةَ، أَحْتَسِبُ عَلَى اللهِ أَنْ يُكَفِّرَ السَّنَةَ الَّتِي قَبْلَهُ، وَالسَّنَةَ الَّتِي بَعْدَهُ، وَصِيَامُ يَوْمِ عَاشُورَاءَ، أَحْتَسِبُ عَلَى اللهِ أَنْ يُكَفِّرَ السَّنَةَ الَّتِي قَبْلَهُ».
لا يَحِلُّ للمرأة أن تصوم وزوجها شاهد إلا بإذنه
عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «لاَ يَحِلُّ لِلْمَرْأَةِ أَنْ تَصُومَ وَزَوْجُهَا شَاهِدٌ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِهِ، وَلاَ تَأْذَنَ فِي بَيْتِهِ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِهِ، وَمَا أَنْفَقَتْ مِنْ نَفَقَةٍ عَنْ غَيْرِ أَمْرِهِ فَإِنَّهُ يُؤَدَّى إِلَيْهِ شَطْرُهُ».
من لم يدع قول الزور والعمل به فليس لله حاجة في أن يدع طعامه وشرابه
عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «مَنْ لَمْ يَدَعْ قَوْلَ الزُّورِ وَالعَمَلَ بِهِ فَلَيْسَ لِلَّهِ حَاجَةٌ فِي أَنْ يَدَعَ طَعَامَهُ وَشَرَابَهُ».
The devil circulates in the son of Adam like blood. I feared lest he should cast evil thoughts in your hearts
Safiyyah bint Huyai (may Allah be pleased with her) reported: The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) was once observing I‘tikāf, so I went to visit him at night. We talked for a while then I got up to leave. He got up with me to escort me - her dwelling was in the house of Usāmah ibn Zayd. Two men from the Ansār passed by. When they saw the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) they quickened their pace, so he said to them: "Slow down. This is Safiyyah bint Huyai (my wife)." They said: "Subhān Allah! O Messenger of Allah," meaning: You are far above any suspicion. He said: "The devil circulates in the son of Adam like blood. I feared lest he should cast evil thoughts in your hearts (or he said: would cast something in your hearts)." Another narration reads: "Safiyyah came to visit him while he was observing I‘tikāf in the mosque during the last ten nights of Ramadan. So she stayed to talk to him for some time then got up to leave. The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) got up to escort her until she reached the door of the mosque near Umm Salāmah's door..." Then the rest of the narration was reported with the same meaning.
Deeds are presented (to Allah) on Monday and Thursday. So, I like my deeds to be presented while I am fasting
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Deeds are presented (to Allah) on Monday and Thursday. So, I like my deeds to be presented while I am fasting." Another narration reads: “Gates of Paradise are opened on Mondays and Thursdays, and every slave [of Allah] who associates nothing with Allah will be forgiven, except for a man who is at odds with his brother. It will be said: 'Delay these two until they are reconciled; delay these two until they are reconciled.'” Another narration reads: "Deeds are presented to Allah on every Monday and Thursday, and Allah will forgive every slave who does not associate anything with Allah in worship, except for a person who is at odds with his brother. He shall say: 'Leave these two until they are reconciled.’"
لما نزلت: {وعلى الذين يطيقونه فدية طعام مسكين} كان من أراد أن يفطر ويفتدي
عن سلمة بن الأكوع قال: "لما نزلت: {وعلى الذين يطيقونه فدية طعام مسكين} [البقرة: 184]. كان من أراد أن يفطر ويفتدي، حتى نزلت الآية التي بعدها فنسختها".
إنما ذلك سواد الليل وبياض النهار
عن عدي بن حاتم رضي الله عنه قال: لما نزلت: {حتى يتبين لكم الخيط الأبيض من الخيط الأسود} [البقرة: 187] عَمَدتُ إلى عقال أسود وإلى عقال أبيض، فجعلتهما تحت وسادتي، فجعلت أنظر في الليل، فلا يستبين لي، فغدوت على رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، فذكرت له ذلك فقال: «إنما ذلك سواد الليل وبياض النهار».
كنت أتسحر في أهلي، ثم يكونُ سرعةٌ بي أن أدرك صلاة الفجر مع رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم
عن سهل بن سعد قال: كنت أتسحر في أهلي، ثم يكونُ سرعةٌ بي أن أدرك صلاة الفجر مع رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم.
كان النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم يقبل ويباشر وهو صائم، وكان أملككم لإِرْبِه
عن عائشة رضي الله عنها قالت: كان النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم يقبل ويباشر وهو صائم، وكان أملككم لإِرْبِه.
احتجم النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم وهو صائم
عن ابن عباس رضي الله عنهما قال: احتجم النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم وهو صائم.
من أصبح مفطرًا فليتم بقية يومه، ومن أصبح صائمًا فليصم
عن الرُّبيِّع بنت معوَّذ قالت: أرسل النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم غداةَ عاشوراء إلى قرى الأنصار: «من أصبح مفطرًا فليتم بقية يومه، ومن أصبح صائمًا فليصم»، قالت: فكنا نصومه بعد، ونصوم صبياننا، ونجعل لهم اللعبة من العِهْن، فإذا بكى أحدهم على الطعام أعطيناه ذاك حتى يكون عند الإفطار.
مَنْ صام يومًا في سَبِيل الله جَعل الله بينه وبَيْن النِّار خَنْدَقًا كما بين السماء والأرض
عن أبي أمامة رضي الله عنه مرفوعاً: «مَنْ صام يومًا في سَبِيل الله جَعل الله بينه وبَيْن النِّار خَنْدَقًا كما بين السماء والأرض».
إن الله أمر يحيى بن زكريا بخمس كلمات
عن الحارث الأشعري أن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: (إن الله أمر يحيى بن زكريا بخمس كلمات أن يعمل بها ويأمر بني إسرائيل أن يعملوا بها، وإنه كاد أن يبطئ بها، فقال عيسى: إن الله أمرك بخمس كلمات لتعمل بها وتأمر بني إسرائيل أن يعملوا بها، فإما أن تأمرهم، وإما أنا آمرهم، فقال يحيى: أخشى إن سبقتني بها أن يخسف بي أو أعذب، فجمع الناس في بيت المقدس، فامتلأ المسجد وقعدوا على الشرف، فقال: إن الله أمرني بخمس كلمات أن أعمل بهن، وآمركم أن تعملوا بهن: أولهن أن تعبدوا الله ولا تشركوا به شيئا، وإن مثل من أشرك بالله كمثل رجل اشترى عبدا من خالص ماله بذهب أو ورق، فقال: هذه داري وهذا عملي فاعمل وأد إلي، فكان يعمل ويؤدي إلى غير سيده، فأيكم يرضى أن يكون عبده كذلك؟ وإن الله أمركم بالصلاة، فإذا صليتم فلا تلتفتوا، فإن الله ينصب وجهه لوجه عبده في صلاته ما لم يلتفت، وآمركم بالصيام، فإن مثل ذلك كمثل رجل في عصابة معه صرة فيها مسك، فكلهم يعجب أو يعجبه ريحها، وإن ريح الصائم أطيب عند الله من ريح المسك، وآمركم بالصدقة فإن مثل ذلك كمثل رجل أسره العدو، فأوثقوا يده إلى عنقه وقدموه ليضربوا عنقه، فقال: أنا أفديه منكم بالقليل والكثير، ففدى نفسه منهم، وآمركم أن تذكروا الله فإن مثل ذلك كمثل رجل خرج العدو في أثره سراعا حتى إذا أتى على حصن حصين فأحرز نفسه منهم، كذلك العبد لا يحرز نفسه من الشيطان إلا بذكر الله)، قال النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم: (وأنا آمركم بخمس الله أمرني بهن، السمع والطاعة والجهاد والهجرة والجماعة، فإنه من فارق الجماعة قيد شبر فقد خلع ربقة الإسلام من عنقه إلا أن يرجع، ومن ادعى دعوى الجاهلية فإنه من جثا جهنم، فقال رجل: يا رسول الله وإن صلى وصام؟ قال: وإن صلى وصام، فادْعُوا بدعوى الله الذي سماكم المسلمين المؤمنين، عباد الله).
Whoever fasts a day in the way of Allah, Allah will keep his face away from the Fire seventy falls
Abu Sa‘īd al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: I heard the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) say: "Whoever fasts a day in the way of Allah, Allah will keep his face away from the Fire seventy falls."
People will continue to be good as long as they hasten to break the fast
Sahl ibn Sa‘d (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "People will continue to be good as long as they hasten to break the fast."
We had Suhūr (pre-dawn meal) with the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him), and then he stood for prayer. I said: How long was the time between Adhān and Suhūr? He said: The time it takes to recite fifty verses
Zayd ibn Thābit (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: We had Suhūr (pre-dawn meal) with the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him), and then he stood for prayer. I said: How long was the time between Adhān and Suhūr? He said: The time it takes to recite fifty verses.
The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) used to practice I‘tikāf (seclusion for worship) during the last ten of Ramadan until he died. Then his wives observed I‘tikāf after him
‘Ā’ishah, Mother of the Believers (may Allah be pleased with her) and wife of the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) reported: The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) used to practice I‘tikāf (seclusion for worship) during the last ten of Ramadan until he died. Then his wives observed I‘tikāf after him.
Have Sahūr (pre-dawn meal) for, indeed, there is a blessing in Sahūr
Anas ibn Mālik (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Have Sahūr (pre-dawn meal) for, indeed, there is a blessing in Sahūr."
Do not precede Ramadan by fasting a day or two unless a man has a habitual fast, then let him fast it
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Do not precede Ramadan by fasting a day or two unless a man has a habitual fast, then let him fast it."
Whoever forgets while fasting and eats or drinks, let him complete his fast, for it is Allah Who fed him and gave him drink
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever forgets while fasting and eats or drinks, let him complete his fast, for it is Allah Who fed him and gave him drink."
I witnessed Eid with ‘Umar ibn al-Khattāb (may Allah be pleased with him), and he said: These are two days that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) forbade fasting: the day of breaking your fast, and the other day in which you eat from your sacrifice
Abu ‘Ubayd, the ex-slave of Ibn Az'har, reported: I witnessed Eid with ‘Umar ibn al-Khattāb (may Allah be pleased with him), and he said: These are two days that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) forbade fasting: the day of breaking your fast, and the other day in which you eat from your sacrifice.
Seek out the Night of Qadr (Decree) in the odd nights of the last ten of Ramadan
‘Ā’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Seek out the Night of Qadr (Decree) in the odd nights of the last ten of Ramadan."
I see that your visions have agreed on the last seven, so, whoever seeks it, let him seek it in the last seven
Ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him and his father) reported: Some men among the Companions of the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) were shown the Night of Qadr in their dreams to be in the last seven. The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "I see that your visions have agreed on the last seven, so, whoever seeks it, let him seek it in the last seven."
With the start of the ten, the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) would revive the night, wake up his family, exert himself, and tighten up the lower garment
‘Ā’ishah, Mother of the Believers, (may Allah be pleased with her) reported: With the start of the ten, the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) would revive the night, wake up his family, exert himself, and tighten up the lower garment.
No fasting counts for the one who fasts continuously. Fasting three days is like fasting the entire year
‘Abdullah ibn ‘Amr ibn al-‘Ās (may Allah be pleased with him and his father) reported: The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "You fast continuously and stand in prayer at night?" I said: Yes. He said: "If you do that, your eyes will become weak, and your soul will become weary. No fasting counts for the one who fasts continuously. Fasting three days is like fasting the entire year". I said: Indeed, I am capable of more than that. He said: "Then fast the fast of Dāwūd (David) (peace be upon him); he used to fast one day and break his fast the next day, and he would not flee when facing the enemy."
When Ramadan comes, the gates of Paradise are opened, the gates of Hellfire are closed, and the devils are chained
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "When Ramadan comes, the gates of Paradise are opened, the gates of Hellfire are closed, and the devils are chained."