Prescribed Punishments
49 hadiths
Indeed, Allah Almighty has enjoined obligations, so do not violate them; He has set limits, so do not transgress them; He has forbidden things, so do not commit them; and He has kept silent about things out of mercy for you, not out of forgetfulness, so do not search for them
Abu Tha‘labah al-Khushani Jurthūm ibn Nāshir (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "Indeed, Allah Almighty has enjoined obligations, so do not violate them; He has set limits, so do not transgress them; He has forbidden things, so do not commit them; and He has kept silent about things out of mercy for you, not out of forgetfulness, so do not search for them."
The blood of a Muslim is inviolable except by one of three
Ibn Mas‘ūd (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "The blood of a Muslim is inviolable except by one of three: adultery of a married person, a life for a life (homicide), and abandoning Islam and separating from the Islamic body.''
Allah does not look at a man who approaches a man or a woman anally
Ibn ‘Abbās (may Allah be pleased with him and his father) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Allah does not look at a man who approaches a man or a woman anally."
It is unlawful to shed the blood of a Muslim who testifies that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, except in one of three cases
‘Ā’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "It is unlawful to shed the blood of a Muslim who testifies that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, except in one of three cases: a married person who commits adultery, they are to be stoned; one who goes forth to fight against Allah and His Messenger, they are to be killed, crucified, or exiled from the land; or one who commits murder, for which he is killed in retribution."
Allah sent down the verse wherein He prohibited alcohol at a time when there was no other (intoxicant) drink in Madīnah except that prepared from dates
Anas ibn Mālik (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: Allah sent down the verse wherein He prohibited alcohol at a time when there was no other (intoxicant) drink in Madīnah except that prepared from dates.
لعنت الخمر على عشرة وجوه
عَنْ ابْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «لُعِنَتِ الْخَمْرُ عَلَى عَشْرَةِ وُجُوهٍ: لُعِنَتِ الْخَمْرُ بِعَيْنِهَا، وَشَارِبُهَا، وَسَاقِيهَا، وَبَائِعُهَا، وَمُبْتَاعُهَا، وَعَاصِرُهَا، وَمُعْتَصِرُهَا، وَحَامِلُهَا، وَالْمَحْمُولَةُ إِلَيْهِ، وَآكِلُ ثَمَنِهَا».
ألا اشهدوا أن دمها هدر
عَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ أَنَّ أَعْمَى كَانَتْ لَهُ أُمُّ وَلَدٍ تَشْتُمُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَتَقَعُ فِيهِ، فَيَنْهَاهَا فَلَا تَنْتَهِي، وَيَزْجُرُهَا فَلَا تَنْزَجِرُ، قَالَ: فَلَمَّا كَانَتْ ذَاتَ لَيْلَةٍ، جَعَلَتْ تَقَعُ فِي النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَتَشْتُمُهُ، فَأَخَذَ الْمِغْوَلَ فَوَضَعَهُ فِي بَطْنِهَا، وَاتَّكَأَ عَلَيْهَا فَقَتَلَهَا، فَوَقَعَ بَيْنَ رِجْلَيْهَا طِفْلٌ، فَلَطَّخَتْ مَا هُنَاكَ بِالدَّمِ، فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحَ ذُكِرَ ذَلِكَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَجَمَعَ النَّاسَ، فَقَالَ: «أَنْشُدُ اللَّهَ رَجُلًا فَعَلَ مَا فَعَلَ لِي عَلَيْهِ حَقٌّ إِلَّا قَامَ»، فَقَامَ الْأَعْمَى يَتَخَطَّى النَّاسَ وَهُوَ يَتَزَلْزَلُ، حَتَّى قَعَدَ بَيْنَ يَدَيِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، أَنَا صَاحِبُهَا، كَانَتْ تَشْتُمُكَ، وَتَقَعُ فِيكَ، فَأَنْهَاهَا فَلَا تَنْتَهِي، وَأَزْجُرُهَا فَلَا تَنْزَجِرُ، وَلِي مِنْهَا ابْنَانِ مِثْلُ اللُّؤْلُؤَتَيْنِ، وَكَانَتْ بِي رَفِيقَةً، فَلَمَّا كَانَ الْبَارِحَةَ جَعَلَتْ تَشْتُمُكَ، وَتَقَعُ فِيكَ، فَأَخَذْتُ الْمِغْوَلَ فَوَضَعْتُهُ فِي بَطْنِهَا، وَاتَّكَأْتُ عَلَيْهَا حَتَّى قَتَلْتُهَا، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «أَلَا اشْهَدُوا أَنَّ دَمَهَا هَدَرٌ».
A Muslim man went to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) while he was in the mosque and called him, saying: "O Messenger of Allah, I have committed adultery."
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: A Muslim man went to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) while he was in the mosque and called him, saying: "O Messenger of Allah, I have committed adultery." The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) turned his face away from him. So, the man came round (from the other side) towards his face and said: "O Messenger of Allah, I have committed adultery." The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) again turned his face away from him, until the man did this four times. When he testified four times that he had done so, the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) called him, saying: "Do you suffer any form of insanity?" The man replied: 'No.' The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) then asked him: "Are you married?" The man answered: 'Yes.' The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said (to his Companions): "Take him away and stone him (to death)." Ibn Shihāb said: "Abu Salamah ibn ‘Abdur-Rahmān informed me that he heard Jābir ibn ‘Abdullāh say: ‘I was one of those who stoned him. We stoned him at the place of prayer. When the stones hurt him, he ran away. We caught him in Al-Harrah and stoned him (to death).'"
A man who had drunk alcohol was brought to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) who hit him with a palm stalk with about forty lashes.
Anas ibn Mālik (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: A man who had drunk alcohol was brought to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him), who hit him with a palm stalk with about forty lashes.
The Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) cut off (a thief's hand) for a shield that was worth three dirhams.
‘Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) cut off (a thief's hand) for a shield that was worth three dirhams.
Every drink that intoxicates is unlawful.
‘Ā’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) was asked about mead, and he said: "Every drink that intoxicates is unlawful."
The prohibition of wine was revealed, which is made of five things: grapes, dates, honey, wheat, and barley.
‘Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that ‘Umar, while standing on the Prophet's pulpit, said: "O people, the prohibition of wine was revealed, which is made of five things: grapes, dates, honey, wheat, and barley. Wine is anything that clouds the mind (i.e. intoxicates). There are three things that I wish the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) had left us something decisive to which we would refer: the grandfather (his share of inheritance), the Kalālah (one who leaves neither ascendants nor descendants), and some questions related to usury."
A man who drank wine was brought to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him), who said: Beat him
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that a man who drank wine was brought to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him), who said: "Beat him." Abu Hurayrah added: "So some of us beat him with our hands, some with their sandals, and some with their garments (by twisting it like a lash). Then, when the man left, someone said: "May Allah disgrace you!" Upon that, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Do not say this! Do not help the devil to overpower him."
'Indeed she has made such a repentance that if it were to be divided among seventy from the people of Madīnah, it would be enough for them all. Has she found something better than offering her own soul to Allah, Glorified and Exalted?
Abu Nujayd ‘Imrān ibn Husayn al-Khuza‘i (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that a woman from Juhaynah came to the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) when she was pregnant from adultery. She said: ''O Messenger of Allah, I have committed something that entails a prescribed punishment on me, so apply it to me.'' The Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) called her guardian and said to him: ''Be kind to her, and when she has given birth, come to me.'' He did accordingly. So the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) commanded that her clothes be tied around her, and should be stoned to death. Then he offered the funeral prayer for her. However, ‘Umar said to him: ''O Messenger of Allah, you pray over her although she had committed adultery?'' He said: ''Indeed she has made such a repentance that if it were to be divided among seventy from the people of Madīnah, it would be enough for them all. Has she found something better than offering her own soul to Allah, Glorified and Exalted?''
A woman from the tribe of Juhaynah came to the Prophet while she was pregnant from adultery
‘Imrān ibn al-Husayn (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: A woman from the tribe of Juhaynah came to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) while she was pregnant from adultery, and she said to him: "O Messenger of Allah, I have committed a sin liable to the legal punishment, so execute the legal punishment on me." The Messenger of Allah called her guardian and said to him: "Treat her kindly and bring her to me after she delivers (her baby)." The man complied with the order, and the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) commanded that the legal punishment be executed on her. Her clothes were secured around her and she was stoned to death. The Prophet then led the funeral prayer over her.
Let a flogged fornicator marry none but his like
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: ''Let a flogged fornicator marry none but his like.''
Do not punish (anybody) with Allah's punishment
‘Ikrimah reported: ‘Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) burned some people, and this news reached Ibn ‘Abbās, who said: Had I been in his place, I would not have burned them, as the Prophet (ﷺ) said: "Do not punish (anybody) with Allah's punishment." No doubt, I would have killed them, for the Prophet (ﷺ) said: "Whoever changes his religion, kill him."
The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) beat and exiled, Abu Bakr beat and exiled, and ‘Umar beat and exiled
Ibn ‘Umar reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) beat and exiled, Abu Bakr beat and exiled, and ‘Umar beat and exiled.
If somebody slanders his slave and the slave is innocent of what he says, he will be flogged on the Day of Judgment unless the slave really is as he described him
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: I heard the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) say: "If somebody slanders his slave and the slave is innocent of what he says, he (the master) will be flogged on the Day of Judgment unless the slave really is as he described him."
May Allah curse the thief who steals an egg and his hand is cut off for that, and he steals a rope and his hand is cut off for that
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "May Allah curse the thief who steals an egg and his hand is cut off for that, and he steals a rope and his hand is cut off for that."
I was sleeping in the mosque while covered by a Khamīsah cloak of mine whose price was thirty dirhams. A man came and snatched it away from me. The man was seized and brought to the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) who ordered that his hand should be cut off
Safwān ibn Umayyah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: I was sleeping in the mosque while covered by a Khamīsah cloak of mine whose price was thirty dirhams. A man came and snatched it away from me. The man was seized and brought to the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) who ordered that his hand should be cut off. I came to him and said: "Will you cut off his hand for the sake of only thirty dirhams? I will sell it to him on credit." He said: "Why did you not say this before bringing him to me?"
A man who had drunk alcohol was brought to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) and he gave the man about forty lashes with two palm branches
Anas ibn Mālik (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: A man who had drunk alcohol was brought to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) and he gave the man about forty lashes with two palm branches. Anas added: “Abu Bakr did the same, but when ‘Umar became the caliph, he consulted the people, and ‘Abdur-Rahmān ibn ‘Awf said: ‘The lightest prescribed punishment is eighty (lashes).' So ‘Umar gave his commands accordingly."
يَسِّرا ولا تُعسِّرا، وبَشِّرا ولا تُنفِّرا
عن أبي بُرْدةَ قال: بعث رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم أبا موسى ومعاذ بن جبل إلى اليمن، قال: وبعث كل واحد منهما على مِخْلافٍ، قال: واليمنُ مخلافان، ثم قال: «يَسِّرا ولا تُعسِّرا، وبَشِّرا ولا تُنفِّرا»، -وفي رواية مسندة عن أبي موسى: «وتطاوعا ولا تختلفا»- فانطلق كل واحد منهما إلى عمله، وكان كلُّ واحدٍ منهما إذا سار في أرضه كان قريبًا من صاحبه أحدث به عهدًا، فسلم عليه، فسار معاذ في أرضه قريبًا من صاحبه أبي موسى، فجاء يسير على بغلته حتى انتهى إليه، وإذا هو جالسٌ وقد اجتمع إليه الناس، وإذا رجلٌ عنده قد جمعت يداه إلى عنقه، فقال له معاذ: يا عبد الله بن قيس، أَيْمَ هذا؟ قال: هذا رجلٌ كَفَرَ بعد إسلامه، قال: لا أنزل حتى يقتل، قال: إنما جيء به لذلك فانزل، قال: ما أنزل حتى يقتل، فأمر به فقتل، ثم نزل فقال: يا عبد الله، كيف تقرأ القرآن؟ قال: أَتَفَوَّقُه تفوُّقًا، قال: فكيف تقرأ أنت يا معاذ؟ قال: أنام أول الليل، فأقوم وقد قضيت جزئي من النوم، فأقرأ ما كتب الله لي، فأحتسب نومتي كما أحتسب قومتي.
اللهم بين لنا في الخمر بيانًا شفاءً
عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ قَالَ: لَمَّا نَزَلَ تَحْرِيمُ الْخَمْرِ قَالَ عُمَرُ: اللَّهُمَّ بَيِّنْ لَنَا فِي الْخَمْرِ بَيَانًا شِفَاءً، فَنَزَلَتِ الْآيَةُ الَّتِي فِي الْبَقَرَةِ: {يَسْأَلُونَكَ عَنِ الْخَمْرِ وَالْمَيْسِرِ قُلْ فِيهِمَا إِثْمٌ كَبِيرٌ} [البقرة: 219] الْآيَةَ، قَالَ: فَدُعِيَ عُمَرُ فَقُرِئَتْ عَلَيْهِ، قَالَ: اللَّهُمَّ بَيِّنْ لَنَا فِي الْخَمْرِ بَيَانًا شِفَاءً، فَنَزَلَتِ الْآيَةُ الَّتِي فِي النِّسَاءِ {يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا تَقْرَبُوا الصَّلَاةَ وَأَنْتُمْ سُكَارَى} [النساء: 43]، فَكَانَ مُنَادِي رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذَا أُقِيمَتِ الصَّلَاةُ نَادى: أَلَا لَا يَقْرَبَنَّ الصَّلَاةَ سَكْرَانُ، فَدُعِيَ عُمَرُ فَقُرِئَتْ عَلَيْهِ، فَقَالَ: اللَّهُمَّ بَيِّنْ لَنَا فِي الْخَمْرِ بَيَانًا شِفَاءً، فَنَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ {فَهَلْ أَنْتُمْ مُنْتَهُونَ} [المائدة: 91] قَالَ عُمَرُ: انْتَهَيْنَا.
Some people from ‘Ukl or ‘Uraynah came, and the climate of Madīnah did not suit them, so they became ill
Anas ibn Mālik (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: Some people from ‘Ukl or ‘Uraynah came, and the climate of Madīnah did not suit them, so they became ill. The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) ordered them with the milch camels and drink from their urine and milk. They left, and when they recovered, they killed the herdsman of the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) and drove off the camels. The news came early in the day, so he sent people in pursuit of them. When the sun had risen, they were brought back. He ordered that their hands and feet be cut off and their eyes be branded, and they were thrown into Al-Harrah, where they begged for water but were not given any. Abu Qilābah said: They stole, killed, disbelieved after embracing faith, and waged war against Allah and his Messenger.
Whoever commits a Hadd (legally punishable sin) and his punishment is hastened for him in this world, then Allah is too just to repeat the punishment for His slave in the Hereafter
‘Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever commits a Hadd (legally punishable sin) and his punishment is hastened for him in this world, then Allah is too just to repeat the punishment for His slave in the Hereafter. And whoever commits a Hadd but Allah concealed it for him and pardoned him, Allah is too generous to retract something He has pardoned."
Do not curse him, for by Allah, I know that he loves Allah and His Messenger
‘Umar ibn al-Khattāb (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: A man at the time of the Prophet (ﷺ), whose name was ‘Abdullah and who was nicknamed Himār, used to make the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) laugh. The Prophet (ﷺ) had flogged him for drinking (intoxicants). One day, he was brought again, and the Prophet (ﷺ) ordered that he be flogged. Then a man from among the people said: O Allah, curse him! How often is he brought? The Prophet (ﷺ) said: "Do not curse him, for by Allah, I know that he loves Allah and His Messenger."
تَعَافَوا الحدودَ فيما بينكم، فما بلغني من حدٍّ فقد وجب
عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «تَعَافَوا الْحُدُودَ فِيمَا بَيْنَكُمْ، فَمَا بَلَغَنِي مِنْ حَدٍّ فَقَدْ وَجَبَ».
اللهم اغفر ذنبه وطهر قلبه، وحصن فرجه
عَنْ أَبِي أُمَامَةَ قَالَ: إِنَّ فَتًى شَابًّا أَتَى النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، ائْذَنْ لِي بِالزِّنَا. فَأَقْبَلَ الْقَوْمُ عَلَيْهِ فَزَجَرُوهُ، وَقَالُوا: مَهْ. مَهْ. فَقَالَ: «ادْنُهْ، فَدَنَا مِنْهُ قَرِيبًا» قَالَ: فَجَلَسَ، قَالَ: «أَتُحِبُّهُ لِأُمِّكَ؟» قَالَ: لَا وَاللهِ، جَعَلَنِي اللهُ فِدَاءَكَ. قَالَ: «وَلَا النَّاسُ يُحِبُّونَهُ لِأُمَّهَاتِهِمْ» قَالَ: «أَفَتُحِبُّهُ لِابْنَتِكَ؟» قَالَ: لَا وَاللهِ، يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، جَعَلَنِي اللهُ فِدَاءَكَ. قَالَ: «وَلَا النَّاسُ يُحِبُّونَهُ لِبَنَاتِهِمْ» قَالَ: «أَفَتُحِبُّهُ لِأُخْتِكَ؟» قَالَ: لَا وَاللهِ، جَعَلَنِي اللهُ فِدَاءَكَ. قَالَ: «وَلَا النَّاسُ يُحِبُّونَهُ لِأَخَوَاتِهِمْ» قَالَ: «أَفَتُحِبُّهُ لِعَمَّتِكَ؟» قَالَ: لَا وَاللهِ، جَعَلَنِي اللهُ فِدَاءَكَ. قَالَ: «وَلَا النَّاسُ يُحِبُّونَهُ لِعَمَّاتِهِمْ» قَالَ: «أَفَتُحِبُّهُ لِخَالَتِكَ؟» قَالَ: لَا وَاللهِ، جَعَلَنِي اللهُ فِدَاءَكَ. قَالَ: «وَلَا النَّاسُ يُحِبُّونَهُ لِخَالَاتِهِمْ» قَالَ: فَوَضَعَ يَدَهُ عَلَيْهِ وَقَالَ: «اللهُمَّ اغْفِرْ ذَنْبَهُ وَطَهِّرْ قَلْبَهُ، وَحَصِّنْ فَرْجَهُ» قَالَ: فَلَمْ يَكُنْ بَعْدُ ذَلِكَ الْفَتَى يَلْتَفِتُ إِلَى شَيْءٍ.
The Jews came to the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) and informed him that a man and woman from among them had committed unlawful sexual intercourse.
‘Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Jews came to the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) and informed him that a man and a woman from among them had committed unlawful sexual intercourse. The Messenger (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) asked them: "What do you find in the Torah about stoning?" They said: "We disclose their sin and flog them." ‘Abdullāh ibn Salām said: "You have lied! The verse of stoning is there (in the Torah)." They fetched the Torah, spread it out, and one of them placed his hand over the verse of stoning. He recited what was before it and what was after it. Thereupon, ‘Abdullāh ibn Salām told him to lift his hand. He lifted his hand and there was the verse of stoning. They said: "He has spoken the truth, O Muhammad." So, the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) ordered that they be stoned. ‘Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar added: "I saw the man leaning over the woman to protect her from the stones."
The Quraysh were greatly concerned about the case of the Makhzūmi woman who had committed theft.
‘Ā’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported: The Quraysh were greatly concerned about the case of the Makhzūmi woman who had committed theft. They wondered who should intercede for her with the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him). Some said: "Only Usāmah ibn Zayd, the Prophet’s beloved one, would dare do so." As Usāmah spoke to the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) about this issue, he said to him: "Do you intercede regarding one of the punishments prescribed by Allah?" Then, he got up and addressed the people, saying: "The people before you were ruined because if a noble person among them committed theft, they would leave him unpunished, but if a weak person among them committed theft, they would inflict the legal punishment on him. By Allah! Were Fātimah, the daughter of Muhammad, to commit theft, I would cut off her hand." Another wording reads: "She was a woman who used to borrow things from people and deny having taken them. So, the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) ordered that her hand should be cut off.”
The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) was asked about the unmarried bondmaid who fornicates.
Abu Hurayrah and Zayd ibn Khālid al-Juhani (may Allah be pleased with both of them) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) was asked about the unmarried bondmaid who fornicates, and he replied: "If she commits fornication, then flog her; if she commits fornication again, flog her again; and if she commits fornication again, flog her and sell her even for a rope." Ibn Shihāb said: "I am not sure whether the order to sell her is after the third or the fourth time."
By the One in Whose hand my soul is! I will judge between you according to the Book of Allah. The offspring and sheep will be returned, and your son is to be given one hundred lashes and exiled for one year. O Unays, go to that man's wife tomorrow, and if she admits, then stone her
Abu Hurayrah and Zayd ibn Khālid al-Juhani (may Allah be pleased with both of them) reported: Two men from among the Bedouins came to the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) and said: "O Messenger of Allah, I adjure you by Allah to judge me according to the Book of Allah." The other disputant – who was smarter – said: "Yes, judge between us according to the Book of Allah, and give me permission to speak first." The Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: ‘Speak.’ He said: "My son was employed by this man, and he committed adultery with his wife. I was told that the punishment for my son would be stoning but that he could be ransomed for one hundred sheep and their offspring. I asked the people of knowledge, and they told me that the punishment for my son would be one hundred lashes and exile for one year and that this woman would be stoned." The Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: "By the One in Whose hand my soul is! I will judge between you according to the Book of Allah. The offspring and sheep will be returned, and your son is to be given one hundred lashes and exiled for one year. O Unays, go to that man's wife tomorrow, and if she admits, then stone her." So he went to her the next day, and she admitted it, and the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) gave the order that she be stoned.
A father is not to be killed for killing his child
Mujāhid reported: A man threw a sword at his son, which killed him. He was brought to ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) for judgment. ‘Umar said: "Had I not heard the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) say: ‘A father is not to be killed (in retribution) for killing his child,’ I would have ordered you to be killed before you leave."
We will not appoint for our affairs anyone who seeks that position. But O Abu Mūsa! You go to Yemen
Abu Mūsa (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: I came to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) along with two men (from the tribe) of Ash‘ariyyīn, one on my right and the other on my left, while the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) was brushing his teeth (with a tooth-stick), and both men asked him for employment (as governors). The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O Abu Mūsa (or O ‘Abdullāh ibn Qays)!" I said: "By Him Who sent you with the truth, they did not tell me what was on their minds and I did not feel that they were seeking employment." As if I were looking now at his tooth-stick being drawn to a corner under his lips, and he said: "We will not (or, we do not) appoint for our affairs anyone who seeks that position. But O Abu Mūsa! (or O ‘Abdullāh ibn Qays!) You go to Yemen." The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) then sent Mu‘ādh ibn Jabal after him, and when Mu‘ādh reached him, he spread out a cushion for him and asked him to sit. There was a fettered man beside Abu Mūsa. Mu‘ādh asked: "Who is this (man)?" Abu Mūsa said: "He was a Jew and became a Muslim and then reverted back to Judaism." Then Abu Mūsa asked Mu‘ādh to sit down but Mu‘ādh said: "I will not sit down till he is killed. This is the judgment of Allah and His Messenger (for such cases)," and he repeated it thrice. Abu Mūsa ordered that the man be killed, and he was killed. Then they discussed the voluntary night prayers and one of them said: "I pray and sleep, and I hope that Allah will reward me for my sleep as He rewards me for my prayers."
Learn from me, learn from me. Allah has ordained another way for them (women who commit illegal sexual intercourse). (If) a virgin (commits adultery) with a virgin, (the punishment will be) one hundred lashes and exile for a year. (If) a non-virgin (commits adultery) with a non-virgin, (the punishment will be) one hundred lashes and stoning (to death)
‘Ubādah ibn As-Sāmit (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Learn from me, learn from me. Allah has ordained another way for them (women who commit illegal sexual intercourse). (If) a virgin (commits adultery) with a virgin, (the punishment will be) one hundred lashes and exile for a year. (If) a non-virgin (commits adultery) with a non-virgin, (the punishment will be) one hundred lashes and stoning (to death).”
When Mā‘iz ibn Mālik came to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) (in order to confess adultery), the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said to him: Probably you have only kissed, winked, or looked (at the lady)? He said: No, O Messenger of Allah. The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: using no euphemism: Did you copulate with her? The narrator added: At that, (i.e. after his confession) the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) ordered that he be stoned (to death)
Ibn ‘Abbās (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: When Mā‘iz ibn Mālik came to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) (in order to confess adultery), the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said to him: "Probably you have only kissed, winked, or looked (at the lady)?" He said: "No, O Messenger of Allah." The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: using no euphemism: "Did you copulate with her?" The narrator added: "At that, (i.e. after his confession) the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) ordered that he be stoned (to death)."
Verily Allah sent Muhammad (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) with the truth and sent the Book down to him. Part of what was revealed to him was the verse on stoning. We recited, understood, and comprehended it. The Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) did administer stoning and we administered it after his death
‘Abdullāh ibn ‘Abbās reported that ‘Umar ibn al-Khattāb, while he was sitting on the Prophet's pulpit, said: "Verily Allah sent Muhammad (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) with the truth and sent the Book down to him. Part of what was revealed to him was the verse on stoning. We recited, understood, and comprehended it. The Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) did administer stoning and we administered it after his death. Yet, I am concerned that, after a long time has passed, someone may say: 'We cannot find stoning in Allah's Book,' and they will be led astray for abandoning an obligation that Allah has sent down. Indeed, stoning is established in the Book of Allah against those married men and women who commit adultery, when there is evidence, pregnancy, or a confession."
‘Ā’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported: When my vindication was revealed, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) got up onto the pulpit, mentioned what happened, and recited (the verses of the Qur'an that had been revealed)
‘Ā’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported: When my vindication was revealed, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) got up onto the pulpit, mentioned what happened, and recited (the verses of the Qur'an that had been revealed). When he came down from the pulpit, he ordered that the two men and the woman (who made the false accusation) be given their prescribed punishment (eighty lashes).
Hilāl ibn Umayyah went to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) and accused his wife of committing illegal sexual intercourse with Sharīk ibn Sahmā'. The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: Either you provide proof, or you will receive the legal punishment on your back
Ibn ‘Abbās (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that Hilāl ibn Umayyah went to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) and accused his wife of committing illegal sexual intercourse with Sharīk ibn Sahmā'. The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Either you provide proof, or you will receive the legal punishment on your back." Hilāl said: "O Messenger of Allah, if one of us saw a man on top of his wife, should he go and look for witnesses?" The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) kept saying: "Either you provide proof, or you will receive the legal punishment on your back." Hilāl then said: "By the One Who sent you with the Truth, I am truthful, and Allah will reveal to you what will save my back from the legal punishment." Then (the following) was revealed: {And for those who accuse their wives...} [Sūrat An-Nūr: 24:6] He kept reciting until he reached: {...if he was of the truthful.} [ Sūrat An-Nūr: 24:9]. Then the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) left and had her summoned. So Hilāl came and took an oath. So the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) was saying: "Allah knows that one of you is a liar, so, will either of you repent?" Then the woman got up and took the oaths, and when she was about to take the fifth one, the people stopped her and said to her: "It will definitely bring about Allah's curse upon you (if you are guilty)." So she hesitated and recoiled so much that we thought that she would withdraw her denial. But she said: "I will not dishonor my family for the rest of their days." The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) then said: "Watch her, if she delivers a child with eyes that appear to have kohl on them, big bottoms, and fat shins, then it is Sharīk ibn Sahmā's child." (Later) she gave birth to a child fitting that description. So the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "If it had not been settled in the Book of Allah, there would have been a matter between me and her."
Cutting (off hands) does not apply to a traitor, an usurper, or an embezzler
Jābir (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Cutting (off hands) does not apply to a traitor, an usurper, or an embezzler.”
The hand is not to be cut off for taking fruit or Kathar (the pith of the palm-tree)
Muhammad ibn Yahya ibn Hibbān reported: A slave stole a plant of a palm-tree from the orchard of a man and planted it in the orchard of his master. The owner of the plant went out in search of the plant and found it. He sought help against the slave from Marwān ibn al-Hakam, who was the Governor of Madīnah at that time. Marwān confined the slave and intended to cut off his hand. The slave's master went to Rāfi‘ ibn Khadīj and asked him about that case. Rāfi‘ told him that he had heard the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) say: "The hand is not to be cut off for taking fruit or Kathar (the pith of the palm-tree)." The man then said: "Marwān has seized my slave and wants to cut off his hand. I wish you would go with me to him and tell him what you have heard from the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him)." Rāfi‘ ibn Khadīj went with him to Marwān ibn al-Hakam. Rāfi‘ said to him: "I heard the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) say: ‘The hand is not to be cut off for taking fruit or Kathar.'" So Marwān gave orders to release the slave, and he was released.
Whatever a needy person eats without putting any in his pocket (and taking it away), there is no penalty on him. But whoever takes something away, he must pay a fine of twice its value and receive punishment. Whoever steals something after it has been stored properly, and its value amounts to the price of a shield, his hand must be cut off
‘Abdullāh ibn ‘Amr ibn al-‘Ās (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) was asked about fruit on the tree. He said: "Whatever a needy person eats without putting any in his pocket (and taking it away), there is no penalty on him. But whoever takes something away, he must pay a fine of twice its value and receive punishment. Whoever steals something after it has been stored properly, and its value amounts to the price of a shield, his hand must be cut off."
Forgive the people of good qualities their slips, but not faults to which prescribed corporal punishments apply
‘Ā’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Forgive the people of good qualities their slips, but not faults to which prescribed corporal punishments apply."
‘Ali ibn Abi Tālib (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: I would not blame myself for the death of any person when inflicting a prescribed corporal punishment on him, with the exception of the one who drinks alcohols, for if he were to die (when being punished), I would pay blood money to his family, because no punishment has been fixed by the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) for him
‘Ali ibn Abi Tālib (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: I would not blame myself for the death of any person when inflicting a prescribed corporal punishment on him, with the exception of the one who drinks alcohols, for if he were to die (when being punished), I would pay blood money to his family, because no punishment has been fixed by the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) for him.
مَن وجدتموه يعمل عمل قوم لوط، فاقتلوا الفاعلَ والمفعولَ به
عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «مَنْ وَجَدْتُمُوهُ يَعْمَلُ عَمَلَ قَوْمِ لُوطٍ فَاقْتُلُوا الْفَاعِلَ وَالْمَفْعُولَ بِهِ».
Whoever carries weapons against us is not one of us
Abu Mūsa al-Ash‘ari (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever carries weapons against us is not one of us."
The hand is to be cut off for a quarter of a dinar or more
‘Ā’ishah, Mother of the Believers, (may Allah be pleased with her) reported: The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The hand is to be cut off for a quarter of a dinar or more."
No one should be flogged more than ten lashes except when it comes to one of the limits set by Allah
Abu Burdah al-Ansāri (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that he heard the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) say: "No one should be flogged more than ten lashes except when it comes to one of the limits set by Allah."